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Sub-Topics Conveyor Belt Currents Also Try Global Warming Global Warming Prevention Efforts Global Warming Tipping Point Oceans Creatures and Fish Oceans in Earth Sciences Polar Ice Caps Sustainable Planet Wave Power Lesson Plans Alternative Energy Sources (BP.com) "We’ve sponsored and developed programs and classroom resources to help students and teachers explore energy, math and science." 07-07 Plankton (Ebiomedia.com) Provides guides and graphics for studying plankton. 10-04 Lists Protecting Our Oceans (Oceana.org) Provides ways you can help protect our oceans. 04-07 Water Pollution (Bierworth) Provides sources of information about water pollution, including oceans, lakes, rivers, and groundwater. News -01-14-06 Global Warming May Trigger a Very, Very Long Warming (International Herald Tribune) "The Arctic, particularly, is filled with what amount to flippable climate switches, including natural repositories of carbon, like boggy tundra, that could emit vast amounts of greenhouse gases should the current warming trend pass certain points, said Jonathan Overpeck, the director of the Institute for the Study of Planet Earth at the University of Arizona." "This could amplify warming and take the climate into a realm beyond anything experienced through human evolution." 12-05 -05-11-06 Report: Fish Farms "Devastate" Wild Fish (BBC News) "Fish farms might seem a sensible alternative to over-fishing the world's oceans but a new report says they have a disastrous impact on both the environment and on stocks of wild fish." "To make fish farming more sustainable worldwide, the authors recommend that farmed fish should be fed vegetable protein instead of fishmeal." 05-06 -06-05-06 EU Nations Make Ocean "Land Grab" (Guardian Unlimited) "A vast tract of the Atlantic seabed more than 200 miles off shore is being claimed by a coalition of four European countries eager to expand their oil and gas prospecting rights." "No country may claim any part of the seabed more than 350 miles from its shore. Once rights are established, states may extract the minerals and natural gas or oil discovered in the annexed seabed." 06-06 -06-05-06 EU Nations Make Ocean "Land Grab" (Guardian Unlimited) "A vast tract of the Atlantic seabed more than 200 miles off shore is being claimed by a coalition of four European countries eager to expand their oil and gas prospecting rights." "No country may claim any part of the seabed more than 350 miles from its shore. Once rights are established, states may extract the minerals and natural gas or oil discovered in the annexed seabed." 06-06 -06-06-06 Hope for Coral as Oceans Warm (BBC News) "Some coral reefs may be able to adapt to rising ocean temperatures, a consequence of global climate change." 06-06 -07-17-05 Ice Shelf Collapse Reveals Extreme Life Forms (MSNBC News) "The collapse of a giant ice shelf in Antarctica has revealed a thriving ecosystem half a mile below the sea." "Despite near freezing and sunless conditions, a community of clams and a thin layer of bacterial mats are flourishing in undersea sediments." "Since light could not penetrate the ice or water, these organisms do not use photosynthesis to make energy. Instead, these extreme creatures get their energy from methane, Domack said today." 7-05 -08-23-06 Ocean Is Too Noisy (ABC News) "But there's no question that the ocean has changed through pollution, over-fishing, and now, we know, noise." "It wasn't a pristine environment in the 1960s," when the Navy monitored the area, Hildebrand says. "So there's probably another 10 decibels or so to get back to the primordial state. So it's 20 decibels above the conditions that these animals evolved in, and that's a big number." 08-06 -09-19-06 Mercury Now Polluting Our Food Chain - Pollution Is Reversable (ABC News) "Mercury contamination is making its way into nearly every habitat in the United States, not just oceans, according to a report that the National Wildlife Federation will release Tuesday." "[Felicia] Stadler[of the National Wildlife Federation] said she believes the key is for this country — and the whole world for that matter — to realize just how big a threat mercury pollution is to our ecosystems." " 'We need to be as drastic at cutting mercury as we have been in cutting lead,' she said." 09-06 -11-02-06 Experts: Seafood Could Collapse by 2050 (MSNBC News) "If current trends of overfishing and pollution continue, by 2050 the populations of just about all seafood face collapse, defined as 90 percent depletion, a team of ecologists and economists warns in a study published in Friday’s issue of the journal Science." 10-06 -11-12-06 Experts Warn: Oceans Becoming Too Acidic (MSNBC News) "The world's oceans are becoming more acidic, which poses a threat to sea life and Earth's fragile food chain, German researchers told delegates at a U.N. conference on climate change." 11-06 -11-12-06 Plastics Endanger Life in the Oceans (MSNBC News) "In a new report, Greenpeace said at least 267 species -- including seabirds, turtles, seals, sea lions, whales and fish -- are known to have suffered from entanglement or ingestion of marine debris." 11-06 09-28-05 Food Chain in Oceans Threatened (Time.com) "Rising carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is threatening to make oceans too corrosive for marine organisms to grow protective shells, according to researchers." "If emissions continue unabated, the entire Southern Ocean, which stretches north from the Antarctic coastline, and subarctic regions of the Pacific Ocean will soon become so acidic that the shells of marine creatures will soften and dissolve making them easy targets for predators. Others will not be able to grow sufficient shells to survive." "The loss of shelled creatures at the lower end of the food chain could have disastrous consequences for larger marine animals." 9-05 Papers -06-10-06 Oceans Are Warming (BBC News) "Scientists say they have "compelling" evidence that ocean warming over the past 40 years can be linked to the industrial release of carbon dioxide." 06-06 -Editorial: Our Threatened Oceans (Awesome Library) "We have reason for great concern that our oceans are going through a rapid change that may create severe problems for ourselves and disaster for our children and grandchildren. Here are some of the problems...." 01-06 Abundant Life in Deep Ocean Hot Spots (National Geographic) "The deep ocean floor is a dark, cold, remote, and seemingly lifeless place that until recently lay largely below the radar of science and exploration. But with advances in technology, scientists are accessing the deep and finding life everywhere they look." 6-04 Biosphere Finds Critical Importance of Microbes (PBS) Provides a description of the failure of Biosphere II as a result from too little oxygen, which in turn was caused by growing microbes too fast. (In the oceans, microbes supply oxygen that is released into the atmosphere and also feeds plants and ocean creatures. 1-01 Conserving Our Threatened Oceans (Packard Foundation) "The David and Lucile Packard Foundation is committed to ocean conservation and is pleased to support Strange Days on Planet Earth." 04-08 Fate of the Oceans (MotherJones.com) "In 2005, researchers from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory found the first clear evidence that the world ocean is growing warmer. In a novel study combining computer modeling and field observations, and screening for natural weather effects and the impact of volcanic gases, they discovered the top half-mile of the ocean has warmed dramatically in the past 40 years as a result, clearly and simply, of human-induced, rising greenhouse gases. 'The statistical significance of these results is far too strong to be merely dismissed and should wipe out much of the uncertainty about the reality of global warming,' reported researcher Tim Barnett of Scripps, who suggests the Bush administration convene a Manhattan-style Project to figure out what mitigations might still be possible." 04-06 How to Help Fight Pollution of the Oceans (Center for Marine Conservation) Describes steps each person can take to reduce ocean pollution and pollution of rivers. 1-01 Map of Oceans Unveiled (CNN) Describes a new map of the oceans of the world, designed to monitor the health of the oceans, global warming effects, and effects of overfishing. Mentions a new U.S. government report that "forecast that U.S. total greenhouse gas emissions would increase 43 percent between 2000 and 2020." 6-02 Map of Oceans Unveiled (CNN) Describes a new map of the oceans of the world, designed to monitor the health of the oceans, global warming effects, and effects of overfishing. Mentions a new U.S. government report that "forecast that U.S. total greenhouse gas emissions would increase 43 percent between 2000 and 2020." 6-02 New Ocean Forming in Africa (CBS News) "Ethiopian, American and European researchers have observed a fissure in a desert in the remote northeast that could be the 'birth of a new ocean basin,' scientists said." 01-06 Ocean Heroes - Preventing Mercury Pollution (Oceana.org) "Oceana honored Attorney General Bill Lockyer and Wild Oats Markets with the Ted Danson Ocean Hero Award for their leadership in preventing mercury exposure." 01-06 Ocean Pollution (Sacramento Bee) Provides a report on the status of ocean pollution on California's coast. 10-00 Ocean Pollution Projects Provides projects for students to fight pollution. 10-00 Ocean Thermal Energy (ACRE) Describes and provides diagrams of types of ocean thermal energy generation. 12-00 Protecting Ocean Life - Executive Summary (PewTrusts.org) "The root cause of this crisis [with our oceans] is a failure of both perspective and governance. We have failed to conceive of the oceans as our largest public domain, to be managed holistically for the greater public good in perpetuity." 04-06 Protecting Ocean Life - Full Report (PewTrusts.org) "Ocean currents circulate the energy and water that regulate the Earth’s climate and weather and, thus, affect every aspect of the human experience. Without reform, our daily actions will increasingly jeopardize a valuable natural resource and an invaluable aspect of our national heritage." 04-06 Protecting the Oceans (Oceana.org) Provides information on problems and solutions for protecting the oceans. 01-06 Protecting the Oceans - Mercury Contamination (Oceana.org) "Armed with updated data on the chlorine industry’s mercury emissions and personal pleas by hundreds of concerned citizens, Oceana today called on ERCO Worldwide, Olin Chemical and PPG Industries to end rampant mercury pollution by the companies’ chlorine plants in Port Edwards, Wis., Augusta, Ga., and New Martinsville, W.Va." 01-06 Water on the Earth (UMAC - OCP) Describes availability of water on the Earth, including Water Planet, Physical Symptoms of Water Stress, Hydrologic Cycle, and World's Water Supply. "Of all the water on Earth, more than 97% is salt water held in the oceans. The remaining 3% constitutes the fresh water supply on the planet. The majority of fresh water is held in ice (glaciers and polar ice caps) and a large proportion also lies too far underground to be exploitable. The amount of fresh water directly available is less than 1% of the total water in the Earth System." 4-02 Projects -01-10-06 BioGems: Navy Sonar Testing Kills Whales (SaveBiogems.org) Provides a project to oppose the testing of lethal sonar equipment in the path of migrating whales. 01-06 Acid Rain and Ecosystems (Scholastic.com - Dirtmeister) "How does 'acid rain' affect ecosystems?" 07-06 Oceans - Ways to Fight Pollution (Clean Ocean Action) Provides ways for children, teens, and adults to fight pollution of our oceans. 11-00

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