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Also Try Oceans Polar Ice Caps Materials Global Warming - In Pictures (BBC News) Provides "While the effect of human activity on the global climate is hotly debated, physical signs of environmental change are all around us." 7-05 News -02-25-07 Australia's Losses from Global Warming (ABC News) "Could what's happening in Australia be the 'canary in the coal mine' for the rest of the world?" "Yes, in more ways than one. We've got about 95, maybe 98 percent of our population living along the coastline. [With the ice sheets at the poles and Greenland melting] the sea levels will be 100 meters (330 feet) higher than they are today. Forget Venice. I mean we're talking about sharks in the middle of (downtown) Sydney." 02-07 -02-25-07 Global Warming: Enough to Make You Sick (Los Angeles Times) "Rising temperatures are redistributing bacteria, insects and plants, exposing people to diseases they'd never encountered before." 02-07 -03-23-06 Worldwide Sea-Level Rise Expected (USA Today) "At the current rate of rising temperatures, by the year 2100 Arctic summers could be as warm as they were 130,000 years ago. Back then, in a time known as the last interglacial, the oceans were 20 feet higher than they are now." "That does not mean the researchers are predicting a 20-foot ocean rise by the end of this century; more like a couple of feet, they think. But such a warming is expected to accelerate melting of the polar ice and could lead to considerable additional sea-level rise, they said." 03-06 -03-31-07 Climate Report: Massive Extinctions Expected (MSNBC News) "A key element of the second major report on climate change being released Friday in Belgium is a chart that maps out the effects of global warming with every degree of temperature rise, most of them bad." "There’s one bright spot: A minimal heat rise means more food production in northern regions of the world." "However, the number of species going extinct rises with the heat, as does the number of people who may starve, or face water shortages, or floods, according to the projections in the draft report obtained by The Associated Press." "The final document will be the product of a United Nations network of 2,000 scientists as authors and reviewers, along with representatives of more than 120 governments as last-minute editors. It will be the second of a four-volume authoritative assessment of Earth’s climate released this year. The last such effort was in 2001." 03-07 -04-06-07 Climate Change Will Hit the Poor the Hardest (PBS News) "The negotiations were long, stretching late into the night. This morning, scientists outlined a grim picture at a news conference." 04-07 -04-06-07 Permanent Drought Predicted for the Southwest (LATimes.com) "The driest periods of the last century — the Dust Bowl of the 1930s and the droughts of the 1950s — may become the norm in the Southwest United States within decades because of global warming, according to a study released Thursday." 04-07 -04-19-07 Graphic Depiction of Effects of Global Warming (Time Magazine) "The latest study from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released this month predicts that most regions of the world will witness a variety of negative effects of global warming including increased human mortality, shifts in crops and agriculture production, and further degradation of local ecosystems. Click below to see predicted climate change impacts on the environment and the people living there." 04-07 -04-30-07 Effects of Global Warming for the Next 100 Years (Live Science) "While putting specific dates on these traumatic potential events is challenging, this timeline paints the big picture and details Earth's future based on several recent studies and the longer scientific version of the IPCC report, which was made available to LiveScience." 04-07 -05-18-07 Perth May Be the First Casualty of Global Warming (BBC News) "The Australian of the year 2007, environmentalist Tim Flannery, once predicted that Perth in Western Australia could become the world's first ghost metropolis, its population forced to abandon the city due to lack of water." 05-07 -05-18-07 Polar Ocean Soaking Up Less CO2 (BBC News) "One of Earth's most important absorbers of carbon dioxide (CO2) is failing to soak up as much of the greenhouse gas as it was expected to, scientists say." "This effect had been predicted by climate scientists, and is taken into account - to some extent - by climate models. But it appears to be happening 40 years ahead of schedule." 05-07 -06-24-08 Scientist: "Drastic Action" Our Only Hope (CNN News) "Exactly 20 years after warning America about global warming, a top NASA scientist said the situation has gotten so bad that the world's only hope is drastic action." "He said Earth's atmosphere can only stay this loaded with man-made carbon dioxide for a couple more decades without changes such as mass extinction, ecosystem collapse and dramatic sea level rises." 06-08 -07-23-06 Research: Amazon Forest Crisis Can Create "Incalculable Consequences" for Earth (The Independent) "The vast Amazon rainforest is on the brink of being turned into desert, with catastrophic consequences for the world's climate, alarming research suggests. And the process, which would be irreversible, could begin as early as next year." "Scientists say that this would spread drought into the northern hemisphere, including Britain, and could massively accelerate global warming with incalculable consequences, spinning out of control, a process that might end in the world becoming uninhabitable." 07-06 -08-28-05 Simulation Results: Temperature Rise Caused a Mass Extinction (BBC News) "A computer simulation of the Earth's climate 250 million years ago suggests that global warming triggered the so-called 'great dying'." "A dramatic rise in carbon dioxide caused temperatures to soar to 10 to 30 degrees Celsius higher than today, say US researchers." "Some 95% of lifeforms in the oceans became extinct, along with about three-quarters of land species." 8-05 -12-20-05 Ocean Currents Already Changing (Scientific American) "A paper in this week's issue of Nature reveals that the Gulf Stream current system--a band of water that brings tropical warmth to the North Atlantic, keeping Europe from being as cold as it should be--circulates 30 percent less water than it did in the past." 12-05 03-03-04 Global Warming Warning (MSNBC News) "Insurance giant Swiss Re warned on Wednesday that the costs of natural disasters, aggravated by global warming, threaten to spiral out of control, forcing the human race into a catastrophe of its own making." 3-04 Papers -Editorial: Polar Ice Caps Threatened (Awesome Library) "Our greatest challenge today is to move the fresh, melting water in our polar caps and Greenland to safe land basins and water tables." 06-06 Climate Change (UMAC) Provides a summary of climate and temperature changes in modern times. 3-01 Climate Change (Wikipedia.org) Provides dozens of articles on global warming and climate change. 10-04 Climbers Witnessing Global Warming (Time Magazine) "Mountaineers are bringing back firsthand accounts of vanishing glaciers, melting ice routes, crumbling rock formations and flood-prone lakes where glaciers once rose." 04-07 Consequences of Global Warming (National Resources Defense Council) Provides short summaries of types of results that may be expected from global warming. 1-01 Consequences of Global Warming (U.S. News) Provides a graphic of types of consequences of global warming by location. 07-08 Coral Reefs Endangered by Global Warming (International Herald Tribune - Richardson) Discusses the reasons coral reefs are in danger from human activities, including global warming resulting from human activities. Discusses the many values of the reefs, such as protecting over 500 million people from sea surges and storms along coasts. "Fish caught around coral reefs are an important source of food for hundreds of millions of people, especially in the developing world, many of whom have no other source of animal protein." "Reefs are also home to an extraordinary variety of marine plants and animals, including a quarter of all marine fish species" 5-02 Earth Climate History Through Ice Caps (PBS.org) Provides graphs and explanations of climate changes, as well as greenhouse gases, radioactivity, and other measures. Shows that climate over the past ten thousand years has been very stable compared to the time before. Uses ice cores from Antarctica to determine past climate. 3-01 Essay on Global Warming (National Resources Defense Coucil) Provides an essay to support the Kyoto Protocol and provides evidence of global warming. 1-01 Europe to Lose Plants to Global Warming (U.S. Politics) "More than half of Europe's plant species will be at threat or classified as vulnerable by 2080 as a consequence of global warming, a study published on Monday said." The big losers will be the northern Mediterranean rim, southern Portugal and southwestern Spain and mountain regions, where vegetation will be badly hit by hotter weather and water stress, it warned." 5-05 Global Warming - Areas of Research (U.S. Global Change Research Group) Provides areas of study for global change by leading U.S. scientists from government agencies. 6-01 Global Warming - Consequences (Natural Resources Defense Council) Summarizes some of the main effects of climate change due to global warming. 6-01 Global Warming - Early Warning Signs Map (ClimateHotMap.org) Provides a world map, marking early warning signs of global warming. 6-01 Global Warming Affecting Species (Scientific American - Graham) "Says [Terry] Root: 'Clearly, if such ecological changes are now being detected when the globe has warmed by an estimated average of only one degree Fahrenheit over the past 100 years, then many more far-reaching effect on species and ecosystems will probably occur by 2100, when temperatures could increase as much as 11 degrees Fahrenheit.' " 1-03 Global Warming More Than Most Scientists Expected (NationalGeographic.com) "The temperature rise has put feathered, furry, and scaly animals alike in a state of flux. Some are seeking higher ground, others are breeding earlier, and many can't find enough to eat." "But these changes—like the warming itself—are already happening more quickly than most researchers expected." "In the North Sea, for example, such changes have kinked the entire food chain, according to Euan Dunn, head of marine policy for the U.K.'s Royal Society for the Protection of Birds." 8-05 Global Warming Real According to Satellite Pictures (Environmental News Network) Summarizes the results of a 27-year study of the earth's greenhouse gases and shows that there has been a significant increase as a result of human activity. The conclusions are based on pictures of the earth taken by satellites over the past 27 years. 3-01 Global Warming Twice As Bad As Formerly Believed (BBC News) Summarizes a report by scientists that the earth is warming by twice as much as the amount expected in 1996. 7-01 Global Warming and Health (Scientific American - Epstein) Provides an analysis of likely consequences and patterns of health resulting from global warming. 11-00 Global Warming and the Threat to Food (U.S. News) "Historically, the damage to food supplies by bad weather has been regarded as fleeting: catastrophic in the short term but ultimately remitting. Droughts ease, floodwaters recede, and farmers replant their crops. But as a new government report indicates, such views are increasingly narrow and outdated, in that they fail to acknowledge the creeping reach of global climate change." 07-08 Houston Endangered by Global Warming (International Herald Tribune - Knowlton) Discusses the sinking of the land in Houston and the rising ocean levels. 5-02 Ice Core Extends Climate Record 650,000 Years (Scientific American) "Researchers have recovered a nearly two-mile-long cylinder of ice from eastern Antarctica that contains a record of atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane--two potent and ubiquitous greenhouse gases--spanning the last two glacial periods. Analysis of this core shows that current atmospheric concentrations of CO2--380 parts per million (ppm)--are 27 percent higher than the highest levels found in the last 650,000 years." 12-05 Melting Glaciers May Make Billions Thirsty (CNN News) "The world's glaciers could melt within a century if global warming accelerates, leaving billions of people short of water and some islanders without a home, environmentalists said." " 'Unless governments take urgent action to prevent global warming, billions of people worldwide may face severe water shortages as a result of the alarming melting rate of glaciers,' the WWF group said in a report Thursday." "It said human impact on the climate was melting glaciers from the Andes to the Himalayas, bringing longer-term threats of higher sea levels that could swamp island states." 11-03 Melting Mountains Worldwide (MSNBC News) Provides charts. 4-05 Permafrost Disappearing (Scientific American) "The top 11 feet of soil in the Arctic continues to thaw. Sinkholes are opening, highways buckling, houses and forests tilting, all of which is wreaking havoc on landscapes, wildlife and cities from Murmansk to Juneau. This permafrost layer--defined as soil that remains icy cold for more than two years--covers nearly a quarter of the land in the Northern Hemisphere. But that total is shrinking and new models show that it may nearly disappear by the end of this century." "Even more troubling, this permafrost layer contains anywhere from 20 to 60 percent of the carbon trapped in soils in the world." 12-05 Report: We Are Threatened (BBC News) "The most comprehensive survey ever into the state of the planet concludes that human activities threaten the Earth's ability to sustain future generations." 7-05 Scientists: Arctic Ice Loss Triggering Global Warming (BBC News) " 'September 2005 will set a new record minimum in the amount of Arctic sea ice cover,' said Mark Serreze, of the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), Boulder, Colorado.' " "The current rate of shrinkage they calculate at 8% per decade; at this rate there may be no ice at all during the summer of 2060." " 'These dark areas absorb a lot of the Sun's energy, much more than the ice, and what happens then is that the oceans start to warm up, and it becomes very difficult for ice to form during the following autumn and winter.' " " 'It looks like this is exactly what we're seeing - a positive feedback effect, a "tipping-point".' " "The idea behind tipping-points is that at some stage the rate of global warming would accelerate, as rising temperatures break down natural restraints or trigger environmental changes which release further amounts of greenhouse gases." "The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, a four-year study involving hundreds of scientists, projected an additional temperature rise of 4-7C by 2100." 9-05 Surprising Effects of Global Warming (MSNBC News) "You’ve probably heard about the global warming song and dance: rising temperatures, melting ice caps and rising sea levels in the near future. But Earth’s changing climate is already wreaking havoc in some very weird ways. So gird yourself for such strange effects as savage wildfires, disappearing lakes, and freak allergies." 01-07 Walruses Losing Ice Shelves (US News) "Thousands of walrus have appeared on Alaska's northwest coast in what conservationists are calling a dramatic consequence of global warming melting the Arctic sea ice." 10-07 Warmer Pacific to Wipe Out Coral Reef (Independent) "One of the bleakest prognoses on the future of the Great Barrier Reef predicts that warmer oceans will kill 95 per cent of its coral by 2050." "The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park has 2,900 reefs and more than 1,500 species of fish, 400 species of corals, 4,000 species of molluscs, 500 species of seaweed and 215 species of birds. The park authority has put in place a climate change programme." 2-04 Warmest Arctic in 400 Years (ABC News) "This season has ushered in the warmest Arctic summer in 400 years. A NASA report to be released this week finds the polar ice pack has shrunk by nearly 30 percent since 1978, and new satellite photos show the melting is speeding up." 9-05 Research Amphibians Respond to Climate Changes (Nature.com) Provides a summary of research on frogs and other amphibians. It suggests that multiple factors may be reducing the number of amphibians and that global climate changes may be the key ingredient. 4-01

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