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Evacuation
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Papers
- -Evacuation and Prefab Cities (Awesome Library)
"Our cities do not have enough highway capacity to allow us to evacuate quickly. Yet, an earthquake, a 'dirty bomb,' tsunami, biological attack, or other type of disaster hitting a large city will still require rapid evacuation to avoid a great deal more suffering."
"Major disasters to major cities are inevitable. It is a question of 'when,' not 'if.' "
"What if we plan and require 'evacuation drills' for cities just like we now plan and require 'fire drills' for buildings?"
We also need to ready destination sites for evacuees to stay days and up to months. "Prefab cities would become the 'storm shelters' of the future." 9-05
- -Evacuation: Cuban Evacuation Success (CNN News)
"Cuba is the largest and most populated island in the Caribbean yet is consistently experiences the lowest death tolls during hurricane season. According to United Nations, it's not because Cubans are lucky but because they're prepared."
"State run television and the civil defense authority bombard the population with information and instructions about what measures to take. On every block, there's a person assigned to take a census on who is being evacuated to which shelter, with special attention paid to the elderly and pregnant women." 9-05
- -Evacuation: Federal and Local Responsibilities (Congressional Research Service)
"In general, federal policy defers to the states to enact laws pertinent to evacuation, and local officials generally work with state officials to enforce those laws. For example, the National Response Plan (NRP), administered by the Federal Emergency ManagementAgency (FEMA) in the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), sets forth the roles and responsibilities of federal and certain non-federal entities after catastrophes overwhelm state or local governments. The NRP includes the following in a list of responsibilities of local chief executive officers:"
" 'Dependent upon state and local law, [the local executive] has extraordinary powers to suspend local laws and ordinances, such as to establish a curfew, direct evacuations, and, in coordination with the local health authority, to order a quarantine.' "Federal officials facilitate evacuation procedures when the NRP is invoked, take the lead on coordinating necessary decisions, support search and rescue efforts, and provide technical assistance.4 In the event of the most catastrophic incidents (such as after Hurricane Katrina devastated the Gulf Coast on August 29, 2005), 'the federal government or other national entities' are expected to provide public health, medical, and mental health support at casualty evacuation points and refugee shelters.' ” 9-05
- -Evacuation: The Four Percent Solution (OdeMagazine.com)
"How many cars would you have to take away from California’s crowded roads to rid them of gridlock? A computer simulation supplied the answer: four percent, or four out of 100 cars." 9-05
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