Sub-Topics Biochemistry Iron and Steel Lewis Structures Manufacturing Periodic Table of Elements Theoretical Chemistry Books Chemistry 101 - Online Textbook (Bishop, Shih, and Adeboji) Provides a comprehensive text on basic topics, such as the mole and atomic weights. Lesson Plans Chemistry - Drill on Elements (Infobahn Xpress) Provides interactive drills or exams. Chemistry - Solving an Acid Base Problem (Van Bramer) Provides steps for solving an acid base problem. 12-02 Chemistry Lessons - Grade 11 (British Columbia Ministry of Education) Provides lessons on lab safety, measurement and communication, matter and its changes, classification and nomenclature for atoms, molecules and ions, molarity, molar volume of gases, percent composition, stoichiometry, introduction to chemical reactions, periodic tables, chemical bonding, solution chemistry, and organic chemistry, including hydrocarbons and functional groups. For the 11th grade level. The materials are called an Integrated Resource Package. 2-01 Chemistry Lessons - Grade 12 (British Columbia Ministry of Education) Provides lessons on reaction kinetics (Collision Theory, Reaction Mechanisms, and Catalysts), dynamic equilibrium (Le Châtelier's Principle and the Equilibrium Constant), solubility equilibria (Concept of Solubility, Solubility and Precipitation, and Quantitative Aspects), acids, bases, and salts (Properties and Definition, Strong and Weak Acids and Bases, Kw, pH, pOH, Ka, and Kb Problem Solving, Hydrolysis of Salts, Indicators, Neutralizations of Acids and Bases, Buffer Solutions, and Acid Rain), oxidation-reduction (Balancing Redox Equations, Electrochemical Cells, Corrosion, and Electrolytic Cells. For the 12th grade level. The materials are called an Integrated Resource Package. 2-01 Chromatography - Paper Chromatography (Seely) Provides a lesson using common materials available in a classroom for separating chemicals into component parts. 12-02 Contaminants: How They Move and Change (MicroWorlds) Describes how contaminants move and change in an ecosystem. Elements - Lyrics to a Song to Learn the Elements (Maricopa - Leher) Provides a song with most of the elements. 10-01 Kevlar - Why Kevlar Is So Strong (MicroWorlds) Gives clues and then puts the clues together. 12-02 Separating the Components of River Water (Seely) Provides a lesson using common materials available in a classroom. 2-00 Lists Atoms (Rader New Media) Chemical Reactions (Rader New Media) Chemistry Resources (ChemCAI) Chemistry Resources (Wright) Provides links, lessons, chemistry departments of high schools and colleges, databases, and more. 2-00 Chemistry for Kids (Rader New Media) Laws of Thermodynamics (Awesome Library) Provides sources of information on the first, second, and third Laws of Thermodynamics. 12-02 Matter (Rader New Media) "We've already told you that chemistry is the study of matter and how it changes and interacts with other matter. But what is matter?" 12-02 Materials Basics of Chemistry - Quizzes (Ohio State University) Provides online quizzes on basic chemistry. 8-01 Chemical Finder (Chemfinder.com) Enter a chemical name, CAS Number, molecular formula, or molecular weight and the site will provide details of the compound or element. Also provides, through free software, substructures. 2-02 Software and Other Resources for Chemistry Teachers (Couteur) 1-01 Papers -Measurement in Chemistry (Virginia Tech) Provides basic measurement terms and their abbreviations. "The 'mole' is a fixed number of something. That number is 6.022142x1023. This number is called the Avogadro constant or Avogadro's number." 12-02 -Naming Chemical Compounds (Virginia Tech) "There are different classes of chemical compounds and different methods for naming them. The first place to start in naming compounds is with the periodic table. Names of compounds are usually derived from the names of the elements in the compound." 12-02 -Problem Solving Skills for Chemistry (Virginia Tech) Provides basic strategies for solving chemistry problems. Advanced High School level. 12-02 Acids - Why Acids React With Bases (Simon Fraser University - Lower) Provides an explanation suitable for advanced high school students or early college students. 2-03 Acids and Bases (Virginia Tech) Defines the terms and provides examples. 12-02 Acids and Bases - Observable Properties (Park) Explains how acids and bases act and react in observable conditions. 8-01 Alloys (Seely) Provides a table on the composition and physical properties of alloys. 12-02 American Chemical Society Provides links to databases, a meeting locator, links to curriculum materials and chemical supplies, and more. 1-01 Amino Acids Atoms - Structure (EnvironmentalChemistry.com - Barbalace) Provides a simplistic model of atoms that is not a true representation but is used to describe some of the basic concpets, such as atom number, atomic mass, charge of an atom, and energy levels. 9-01 Attractions - Dipole to Dipole and Others (Bishop) Provides steps and a flow chart to determine the types and strengths of attractions between particles, such as dipole-dipole. 6-01 Bad Chemistry (Princeton Section of the American Chemical Society - Lehmann) Provides examples of commonly misunderstood, and therefore sometimes incorrectly taught, concepts in chemistry. 2-00 Basic Chemistry Terms (ThinkQuest 3659 - CHEMystery) Explains acids and bases, hydroxide bases, Lewis acids and bases, electrolytes, acid-base reactions, Lewis acid-base reactions, pH scale, and dozens of other basic terms in chemistry. 8-01 Basics of Chemistry (ChemTutor.com - Wilner) Provides explanations regarding the elements, atomic structure, mols, states of matter, oxidation and reduction (redox), acids and bases, kinetics, compounds, solutions, and more. 2-00 Basics of Chemistry (Thinkquest2923) Provides a tutorial on equations, significant figures, types of chemical reactions, calculators, and laboratory tests for cations, anions, and gases. 8-01 Biogas Chemistry (SD Dimensions) Provides key chemical information related to biogas. 6-01 Biographies - Famous Chemists (Virtual Library) Provides an alphabetic list of biographies of persons famous in chemistry. 02-06 Chemical Bonding (Simon Fraser University - Lower) Provides an explanation suitable for advanced high school students or early college students. 2-03 Chemical Finder (ChemFinder.com) Provides a search engine for chemical compounds. 3-01 Chemistry (Wikipedia.org) "Chemistry is the science of matter and its interactions with energy (see physics, biology). Because of the diversity of matter (which is mostly atomic), chemists are often engaged in the pursuit of studying how atoms interact to form molecules, and how molecules interact with each other." 10-04 Chemistry - Advanced (Tissue) Provides basic definitions and examples. 1-05 Chemistry 1 (Glencoe) Provides Web links to chemistry information, organized into 30 topics. 11-99 Chemistry 2 (Glencoe) Provides Web links to chemistry information, organized into 21 topics. 11-99 Chemistry Lessons, Resources, and Outcomes (British Columbia Ministry of Education) Provides discussions, outcomes, and lessons on chemistry for the 11th and 12th grade levels. The materials are called an Integrated Resource Package. 2-01 Chemistry Search Engine (Bishop, Shih, and Adeboji) Provides a search engine for instructional text on basic chemistry, high school level. College Chemistry (Purdue - Walton) Provides an introduction to college chemistry, including Measurement, Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures, Stoichiometry, Gases, Thermochemistry, Structure of the Atom, An Introduction to Ionic Compounds, The Covalent Bond, Main-Group Metals, Redox Reactions, The Chemistry of Nonmetals, Acids and Bases, Transition-Metal Chemistry, The Structure of Solids, Liquids, Solutions, Gas-Phase Reactions, Acid-Base Equilibria, Solubility and Complex-Ion Equilibria, Oxidation-Reduction Reactions, Electrochemistry, Chemical Thermodynamics, Chemical Kinetics, Nuclear Chemistry, Intermolecular Forces, Introduction to Organic Chemistry, Introduction to Materials Science, Organic Chemistry - Structure and Nomenclature of Hydrocarbons, Organic Chemistry - Functional Groups, and Organic Chemistry - Reaction Mechanisms. 6-01 College Chemistry - Definitions and Explanations (Virginia Tech) Provides an alphbetic listing of definitions and explanations of key terms used in chemistry. College level. 12-02 College Chemistry - Math Basics (Virginia Tech) Provides an introduction to the basic math terminology and skills needed to solve problems in chemistry. College level. 12-02 College Chemistry Index (Purdue - Walton) Provides an alphabetical listing of resources in chemistry by key word. Includes a search engine. 6-01 Deionized Water (Solid State Materials And Devices Research Laboratory) Describes how to deionize water. 7-01 Elements (Rader New Media) "As far as we know there are only so many basic elements. Up to this point in time we have discovered/created over 100. While there may be more out there to discover, the basic elements remain the same. Iron atoms found on Earth are identical to Iron atoms found on meteorites. The Iron atoms on Mars that make the soil red are the same too." 12-02 Gloassary of Chemical Terms Related to Air Pollution (Sam Houston State University) Provides definitions of chemistry terms that relate to air quality and pollution. 8-01 Glossary for Chemistry A - C (Tissue) Provides definitions and examples at a college level. Includes Absorption of light, Acid-base definitions, Acid-base equilibria, Acid-base titrations, Activity and activity coefficients, Alpha plots, Analytical balance, Analytical chemistry (introduction), Analytical standards, Anodic-stripping voltammetry, Atomic-absorption spectroscopy (AAS), Atomic-emission gas chromatography detector (AED), Atomic-emission spectroscopy (AES, OES), Atomic energy levels, Atomic-fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS), Atomic transitions (theory), Auger-electron spectroscopy (AES), Balance (analytical), Beer-Lambert law, Bipolar transistor, Blackbody source, Born-Oppenheimer approximation, Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases, Buffers (acid-base), Calibration, Capacitor, Capillary electrophoresis, Charge (definition), Channeltron, Charge-coupled device (CCD), Chemical equilibrium (introduction), Chemiluminescence, Chromatography (introduction), Chromatography theory, Complexes, Complexometric titration, Confidence limits, Constants, CW-NMR instruments, Coulometry, Current (definition), Current-to-voltage conversion, and Cyclic voltammetry (CV) 1-05 Glossary for Chemistry D - F (Tissue) Provides definitions and examples at a college level. Includes Daly detector, Data acquisition, Data handling, de Broglie equation, Detectors (ion), Detectors (optical), Detectors (GC), Detection Electronics, Diatomic molecule, Differential pulse polarography (DPP), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Differential thermal analysis (DTA), Diffraction (introduction), Digital oscilloscope, Diodes, Discharge lamps, Discontinuous electrophoresis, Doppler-free laser spectroscopy, Electrochemical Cell,Electrochemistry (introduction), Electrolytic methods, Electromagnetic radiation, Electromagnetic spectrum, Electron-capture gas chromatography detector (ECD), Electron diffraction, Electronics (components), Electronics (introduction), Electronics (signal processing), Electron microscopy, Electron multiplier tube, Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR, ESR), Electron spectroscopy (introduction), Electrophoresis, Emission of light, Energy levels, Entropy, see reaction thermodynamics, ESCA (electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Equilibrium (introduction), Equilibrium (practice problems), Equilibrium constant, Error (types of), Error propagation, Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), Extraction, Fabry-Perot interferometer, Faraday cup, Field-effect transistor (FET), Filters (optical), Flame-ionization gas chromatography detector (FID), Flame photoionization gas chromatography detector (FPD), Fluorescence (introduction), Fluorescence (molecular), Fluorescence (laser-induced), Fluorimetry, Fourier-transform, Fourier-transform NMR instruments, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), Fourier-transform mass spectrometry (FTMS), Fluorescence, Fluorescence: atomic fluorescence, Fluorescence: molecular fluorescence, Formation constant, and Kf. 1-05 Glossary for Chemistry G - I (Tissue) Provides definitions and examples at a college level. Includes Gamma-ray detector, Gas chromatography (GC), Gas chromatography columns, Gas chromatography detectors, Gated-integrator, Gaussian distribution (normal error curve), Gaussian spectral lineshape, Gibb's free energy, Gibb's phase rule (thermodynamic), Golay equation (chromatography theory), Gravimetry (introduction), Ground State (of diatomic molecule), Harmonic oscillator, High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), High-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), High-resolution laser spectroscopy, Hollow-cathode lamp, Hooke's law (harmonic oscillator), Impedance (definition), Inductively-coupled plasma excitation, Inductors, Infrared absorption bands, Infrared absorption spectrometers, Infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR), Insoluble salts (precipitates), Interferometers, Intracavity-absorption spectroscopy, Ion chromatography, Ion detectors, Ionization methods, Ion-selective electrodes (ISE), and Ion-trap mass spectrometry. 1-05 Glossary for Chemistry J - N (Tissue) Provides definitions and examples at a college level. Includes Jablonski diagram, Kirchoff's rules, Lamb dip, Lasers, Laser spectroscopy, Laser-induced fluorescence, Le Chatelier's Principle, Lenses, Lewis acids and bases, Lifetime, excited-state (theory of atomic spectroscopy transitions), Ligand, Light (electromagnetic radiation), Light: interaction with matter, Light microscopy, Light sources, Linear regression, Linear-sweep voltammetry, Linewidths (theory of atomic spectroscopy transitions), Liquid chromatography (LC), Liquid chromatography columns, Lock-in amplifier, Lorentzian spectral lineshape, Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), Mach-Zender interferometer, Magnetic-sector mass spectrometry, Mass spectrometry (introduction), Materials analysis (cross-reference listing), Michelson interferometer, Microchannel plate (MCP), Microscopy (introduction), Mirrors, Molecular energy levels, Monochromators, Morse potential (diatomic molecule), Mossbauer spectroscopy, Neutron diffraction, Near-field optical microscopy (NFOM),Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), Nernst equation, Neutron activation analysis (NAA), Nitrogen-phosphorus detector (NPD), Normal pulse polarography (NPP), and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). 1-05 Glossary for Chemistry O - R (Tissue) Provides definitions and examples at a college level. Includes Operational amplifiers (op-amps), Optical materials, Optical radiation detectors, Optical rotation (polarimetry), Optics (introduction), Oscilloscope, Overvoltage protection (silicon-controlled rectifier), Oxidation (see Redox reactions (introduction), Partitioning, pH and pOH, Phase rule (thermodynamic), Phosphorescence, Photodiode detector, Photodiode array (PDA), Photoionization gas chromatography detector (PID), Photomultiplier tube (PMT), Photon counting (pulse counting), Physical constants, Polarimetry (optical rotation), Polarization (of light), Polarizers (optical), Polarography (introduction), Polychromators, Potentiometry, Powder X-ray diffraction, Precipitation equilibria, Precision (definition), Precision (quantitative measures), Primary standards, Prisms, Problem-solving skills, Pulse counting (photon counting), Quadrupole mass spectrometry, Quantum mechanics introduction, Quantum mechanics and interaction with light, Quantum mechanical wavefunctions, Q test, Radiation (interaction of light and matter), Radiation detectors, Raman spectroscopy, Random error, Reactions (introduction), Redox reactions (introduction), Redox reactions (balancing), Reduction (see Redox reactions (introduction), Reduction potentials (standard), Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), Resistors, Resolution (chromatographic), Resonance-ionization mass spectrometry, and Resonance-ionization spectroscopy. 1-05 Glossary for Chemistry S - V (Tissue) Provides definitions and examples at a college level. Includes Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), Scattering of light, SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, Secondary standards, Sensors, Separations (introduction), Separatory funnel, Signal processing (electronics), Significant figures, Silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR), Size-exclusion chromatography, Solid-phase extraction (SPE), Solid-state band theory, Solubility, Solubility product, Ksp, Spectrometers (optical), Spectronic 20, Spectroscopy (introduction), Spectroscopy (theory of atomic transitions), Standards, Standard addition, Standard deviation (also standard error), Standard reduction potentials, Statistical Formulas, Stripping analysis (anodic-stripping voltammetry), Supercritical fluids, Supercritical-fluid chromatography, Supercritical-fluid extraction, Surface analysis (cross-reference listing), Systematic error, Thermal analysis (introduction), Thermal-conductivity gas chromatography detector (TCD), Thermodynamics (introduction), Thermodynamics (laws of), Thermodynamics (reaction), Thermogravimetry (TG), Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), Time-of-flight mass spectrometry, Titration (introduction), Transformers, Transient recorder, Transistors, Transitions (theory of atomic spectroscopy transitions), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Vacuum Technology, Variance, Vibrational energy (diatomic molecule), Voltage (definition), and Voltammetry. 1-05 Glossary for Chemistry W - Z (Tissue) Provides definitions and examples at a college level. Includes Wavefunctions, Wavelength, Wavelength selectors, Weighing, Working curve, X-ray Absorption (in the EXAFS introduction), X-ray detector, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray photoelectron, and spectroscopy (XPS, ESCA). 1-05 Glossary of Chemistry Terms (EnvironmentalChemistry.com - Barbalace) Provides an alphabetic dictionary of terms. 9-01 History of Discoveries in Chemistry Since 1900 (Nobel Foundation) Explains the development of chemistry since 1900. Also provides short autobiographies of the Nobel laureates in chemistry during the 20th century. 9-00 Ionic and Covalent Bonds Defined (Andrew Rader Studios) Defines and explains ionic compared to covalent bonds of compounds. "Covalent compounds happen when the electrons are shared by the atoms and ionic compounds happen when electrons are donated from one atom to another." Also points out that "most compounds are combinations of ionic and covalent bonds." 6-01 Ionization - Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds (Ortego) Explains binary and ternay compounds, including examples. 6-01 Kevlar and Stephanie Kwolek (Dolan) Provides a short history of the invention of Kevlar by Stephanie Kwolek. Kevlar is a new fiber, called an aramid fiber, made of a new type of substance, called a liquid crystalline solution. 1-02 Molar Mass Calculator (EnvironmentalChemistry.com - Barbalace) Defines and describes molar mass and provides a calculator. 9-01 Molarity, Molality, and Normality (EnvironmentalChemistry.com - Barbalace) Defines and describes molarity, molalitiy, and normality. 9-01 Mole - A Definition (Herbert) Defines a mole in historical terms, including Avogadro's role. Good for a high school chemistry student or older. 8-01 Mole - A Definition (Kiwi Web) Defines a mole in technical terms. 8-01 Organic Chemistry - A Short History (PageWise) Provides a short history on the development of the field of organic chemistry. 8-01 Osmosis - Reverse Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure (Lachish) Provides an explanation of osmotic pressure, as well as a diagram. 9-99 Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure (Lachish) Provides an explanation. 2-00 Periodic Chart of Elements (Molecular Arts Corp.) Search for elements by category, valence, formula, weight, or orbitals. 1-01 Problem Solving Steps (Okanagan University College - Woodcock) Provides four basic steps in solving problems in science. The steps are to analyze, brainstorm, calculate, defend, and evaluate. 2-00 Reactions - Basics (Chem4Kids.com) Explains acids and bases, equilibrium, thermochemistry, and reaction rates. Includes drawings. 8-01 Redox Reactions and Equations (Kiwi Web) Defines and describes reactions, along with the equations that explain them. 8-01 Reduction and Oxidation (Virginia Tech) Provides an explanation and example of redox. 12-02 Reference Information (Towson University - Ladon) Provides handouts in introductory chemistry at a college level. Developed by a tutor for college students in chemistry. 2-00 Resonance Hybrids (Purdue - Walton) "When we can write more than one satisfactory Lewis structure, the molecule is an average, or resonance hybrid, of these structures." 6-01 Solubility Table and Rules(Ortego) Provides a table of solubility of compounds in water and rules of solubility for common salts and hydrioxides. 6-01 Standard Reduction Potentials (Ortego) Provides a table of standard reduction potentials of different acidic solutions. 6-01 Superabsorbers (Scientific American - Christie and Retseck) Provides a description of superabsorbers, using disposable diapers as an example. 11-00 Synonyms of Chemicals (Seely) Provides common names for chemical compounds, such as "saltpeter" is actually potassium nitrate. 2-00 Projects Chemistry Labs and Demonstrations 1 (Gormley) Provides over two dozen labs and demonstrations in chemistry and science. Chemistry Labs and Demonstrations 2 (Gormley) Provides over two dozen labs and demonstrations in chemistry and science. These are more advanced studies than in Demonstrations 1. Chemistry and Physics Projects (MicroWorlds) Provides eleven projects, using household materials. 12-02 Problem Solving Activities in Chemistry Projects in Chemistry (School.Discovery.com) Provides two chemistry projects. Separating Mixtures "Chromatography (the process of analyzing a mixture by separating it into its component parts) helps students learn more about physical properties. The procedure uses capillary action as the separation mechanism." Big Bang "Students practice safe laboratory methods while learning how to interpret results of chemical tests. They determine the foods to test and interpret and record their results. Based on the amount of glucose or starch present in the food, both tests will provide varying results. This gives students the chance to make decisions about results and helps them understand that scientists must repeat tests to confirm results." 1-04 Rockets - Make a Bubble-Powered Rocket (NASA - Jet Propulsion Lab) Provides directions for creating a rocket at home. Made of paper, a canister, tape, water, and an antacid. 3-00 Water and Ice Density (New York University - Mathmol) Provides an experiment that can be performed in a typical classroom to determine the densities of water and ice. 10-01

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