Papers Australopithecus (Mr.Donn.org) "About this same time in history, around 3 million years ago, the higher primates, including apes and early man, first appeared. There was a difference between apes and man. Human-like hominids could stand upright. Apes could not. Their hands were different, too. Ape hands were made for climbing and clinging. Early man's hands were jointed differently, which allowed them to not only use tools, but to make tools." 03-06 Classification of Hominids 1c - Australopithecus anamensis (Foley) Provides a paragraph. Anamensis lived 4.2 - 3.9 million years ago and may be a link in human evolution. Classification of Hominids 2 - Australopithecus afarensis (Washington State University) Provides drawings and an article. Focuses on the famous fossil named Lucy. This species lived 4 - 2.7 million years ago. Classification of Hominids 3 - Australopithecus africanus (Washington State University) Provides drawings and an article. This species lived 3 - 2 million years ago. Classification of Hominids 4 - Australopithecus robustus (Washington State University) Provides fossils and an article. This species lived 2.2 - 1 million years ago. Evolution of Humans - A New Genus (National Geographic Society - Krause) Reports of a possible new genus of early hominids. The name of the new hominid is Kenyanthropus platyops. 3-01 Kenyanthropus platyops (Wikipedia.org) "Kenyanthropus platyops is a 3.5 to 3.2 million year old (Pliocene) extinct hominin species that was discovered in Lake Turkana, Kenya in 1999 by Meave Leakey. The fossil found features a broad flat face with a toe bone that suggests it probably walked upright." Its taxon is still being debated. Some identify it as a missing link between Australopithecus and modern humans, a "proto-human." 03-06 Missing Link Found Between Australopithecus afarensis and Earlier Species (New York Times) "Tim D. White, a paleontologist at the University of California, Berkeley, who was a team leader, and his colleagues said the 4.1-million-year-old fossils were anatomically intermediate between the earlier species Ardipithecus ramidus [the earliest Hominids] and the later species Australopithecus afarensis, the Lucy family. The newfound bones and teeth are the earliest remains of the most primitive Australopithecus, known as anamensis." "The Australopithecus genus — resembling apes in stature and brain size but unlike the great apes in that it walked on two legs — is thought to have given rise to our own genus, Homo." Robust Australopithecines (Wikipedia.org) "The robust australopithecines, members of the extinct hominin genus Paranthropus, were bipedal hominins that probably descended from the gracile australopithecine hominins (Australopithecus). All species of Paranthropus were bipedal, and many lived during a time when species of the genus Homo (which were possibly descended from Australopithecus or more likely from Kenyanthropus), were prevalent. Paranthropus first appeared roughly 2 million years ago, just before the beginning of the Pleistocene. Most species of Paranthropus had a brain about 40 percent of the size of modern man." Provides a chart of hominids, including humans, at the bottom of the page. 03-06

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