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Terms: physics
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  1. Physics Problems (University of Oregon)
      Provides problems, organized by subject and color coded by difficulty level. Also provides indictation of amount of effort required.

  2. Physics Resources

  3. Nobel Prize Winners in Physics (Stanford.edu)
      Provides a listing.

  4. Physics Constants
      Provides constants. 10-09

  5. Physics and Astronomical Constants
      Provides constants. 10-09

  6. Physics Lessons (TeachNet)
      Includes projects on Magneto-hydrodynamic Drives, Cause and Effect, Field Trips and Simple Physics, Water Displacement, Speed of Sound, Physics 12, and Altering Climate in the Classroom.

      For example, "Everyone knows that a weight suspended by a string and taped to the ceiling of the bus will appear to swing backward as the bus speeds up, and forward as it decelerates, due to inertia. Also take along a helium-filled balloon on a string to tie to a seat or fasten to the floor." The balloon will do the opposite. Explain. 10-09

  7. Physics Resources (Science Educators Web Resources Supersite)
      Provides 6 annotated resources in physics.

  8. Waves (The Physics Department)
      Explains basic concepts associated with waves.

  9. Physics

  10. Particle Physics Timeline (Lafo)
      Provides a description of key discoveries. Although it is written and illustrated by high school students, under the guidance of Lafo, the explanations are somewhat technical and above the reading level of many high school students. The timeline stops in 1995, leaving out the discovery of the Tau Neutrino. 7-00

  11. Particle Physics - Introduction (Bradley)
      Provides a description of key particles and forces that physicists believe are the building blocks of the universe. 7-00

  12. Particle Physics - Glossary of Terms (Bradley)
      Provides a description of key particles and forces that physicists believe are the building blocks of the universe. 7-00

  13. History of Physics (American Institute of Physics)
      Provides a short history of some of the key discoveries of physics. 7-00

  14. Physics Nobel Laureates Since 1981(Nobel Foundation)
      Provides short autobiographies of the Nobel laureates in physics since 1981. 9-00

  15. Physics - Transformers in Mechanical Systems - Grade Level 12 (British Columbia Ministry of Education)
      Provides a lesson plan on transformers in mechanical systems. 2-01

  16. Physics Applications (British Columbia Ministry of Education)
      Provides discussions, outcomes, and lessons on applications of physics for the 11th and 12th grade levels. The materials are called an Integrated Resource Package. 2-01

  17. Amusement Park Physics (Learner.org)
      Describes the physics of several amusement park rides and allows you to design and build those rides online. Includes the roller coaster, carousel, bumper cars, free fall, and the pendulum 8-01

  18. Physics Resources by Topic (Top20Physics.com)
      Provides physics resources by topic, including mechanics, optics, acoustics, electromagnetism, thermodynamics, atomic, nuclear, relativitiy, quantum physics, astrophysics, history, biophysics, physicists, references, and formulas. 9-01

  19. Physics Resources by Topic (Google)
      Provides physics resources by topic, including quantum mechanics, optics, acoustics, electromagnetism, thermodynamics, atomic, nuclear, relativitiy, quantum physics, astrophysics, history, biophysics, and more. 9-01

  20. Physics - Electromagnetism (School Discovery)Provides lessons on creating magnetism and electricity. 1-02

    • Chemistry and Physics Projects (MicroWorlds)
        Provides eleven projects, using household materials. 12-02

    • Particle Physics

    • Glossary for Physics (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory - Nuclear Science Division)
        Provides a basic introduction to physics. 7-04

    • Physics (Wikipedia.org)
        Provides articles in 42 subcategories. 10-04

    • Transparent Aluminum Breakthrough (PhysicsWeb.org)
        "Scientists in the US have developed a novel technique to make bulk quantities of glass from alumina for the first time." 11-04

    • Physics Study Guide (Wikibooks)
        Provides chapters on Linear Motion, Force, Momentum, Friction, Work, Energy, Torque and Circular Motion, Fluids, Fields, Gravity, Waves, Wave overtones, Standing waves, Sound, Thermodynamics, Electricity, and Optics. 12-04

    • Physics (Wikipedia.org)
        Provides a glossary of terms and explanations for use in physics by specialty field. 1-05

    • Timeline of Math and Theoretical Physics (Schwartz)
        Provides a history, starting 3,500 years ago. 2-05

    • Particle Physics (Wikipedia.org)
        "Particle physics is a branch of physics that studies the elementary constituents of matter and radiation, and the interactions between them. It is also called high energy physics, because many elementary particles do not occur under normal circumstances in nature, but can be created and detected during energetic collisions of other particles, as is done in particle accelerators." 01-06

    • Physics Beyond the Standard Model (Scientific American)
        "The Standard Model of particle physics is at a pivotal moment in its history: it is both at the height of its success and on the verge of being surpassed." 01-06

    • Breaking Lorentz Symmetry (PhysicsWeb.org)
        "Imagine you are about to create a universe. How would you do it? As soon as you say "let there be the laws of physics" you would immediately face a problem. Do the same laws hold for everyone in your universe regardless of where they are? Or do the laws change as you move about or face in different directions? Clearly the most equitable and fair way to proceed would be to make the laws of physics the same for all observers. To a physicist such equality and fairness of physical laws is called a symmetry, and the symmetry that requires the laws of physics to be the same for all observers is known as Lorentz symmetry."

        "Symmetry is one of the most important concepts in physics, and it is closely linked to the conservation of quantities such as energy, momentum and charge. However, symmetry breaking is also incredibly important. The breaking of electroweak symmetry, for example, is responsible for the generation of mass in the Standard Model of particle physics." 01-06

    • Lorentz Symmetry Violations and Constraints (Physics.McGill.ca)
        "The idea of Coleman and Glashow is the following. Suppose that Lorentz symmetry is not a true symmetry of nature. This opens up the possibility that the limiting speeds (the highest speed which can be attained) of different particles, are different from each other. Suppose in particular that the speed of light (of electromagnetic radiation) and the limiting speed of a proton were not the same, and that the speed of a proton were higher. Then it turns out that the proton would lose energy to electromagnetic radiation, until its speed was the same as the speed of light."

        "The way this works is the following. Since the proton is electrically charged, it carries around an electromagnetic field. When the proton moves, the electromagnetic field of the proton must move with it. The emission of electromagnetic radiation (light) can be understood as that electromagnetic field continuing to propagate, when the proton's motion is changed by some external force; so every time a proton changes its speed or direction of motion, some of the electromagnetic field accompanying it continues in the old direction and becomes radiation. If a proton were moving faster than the speed of light, then it would 'outrun' its own electromagnetic field; without any acceleration being necessary, the electromagnetic field of the proton would get stripped away from the proton and propagate away as photons (electromagnetic radiation). Since the proton is charged, it would continuously regenerate electromagnetic field; but this field would continuously fall behind the proton and be lost as radiation, until the proton slowed down to the speed of light, whereupon the electromagnetic field could keep up with it. This is what happens when a medium, such as water, a crystal, or the air, modifies the speed that light travels; charged particles which travel faster radiate 'Cherenkov' light." 01-06

    • Combining Relativity and Quantum Theory (Physics.Weber.edu)
        "The two major physics discoveries of the first part of this century, quantum mechanics and Einstein's theory of special relativity present new challenges when treated together. The energy "uncertainty" introduced in quantum theory combines with the mass-energy equivalence of special relativity to allow the creation of particle/anti-particle pairs by quantum fluctuations when the theories are merged. As a result there is no self-consistent theory which generalizes the simple, one-particle Schrödinger equation into a relativistic quantum wave equation."

        "The most successful approach to this problem, developed in the early 30's, begins not with a single relativistic particle, but with a relativistic classical field theory, such as Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism. This classical field theory is then "quantized" in the usual way and the resulting quantum field theory realizes a consistent combination of quantum mechanics and relativity. However, this theory is inherently a many-body theory with the quanta of the normal modes of the classical field having all the properties of physical particles." 01-06

    • The Physics of Baseball (KQED) star
        Baseball can be used as a vehicle to teach physics. Newton’s second law states that an object will move with constant velocity until a force is exerted on it. The force at which the baseball hits the bat depends on the mass of the ball and how fast the speed of the ball changes. A pitched ball is going fastest when it leaves the pitcher’s hand, because air friction slows it down as it approaches the batter. Newton’s third law states that whenever one object exerts force on a second object, the second exerts an equal and opposite force on the first. When the ball hits the bat, the bat applies a force on the ball that equals that of the ball on the bat. Even though these forces are equal and opposite, there is a net force on the ball because the forces act on different bodies." 07-07

    • The Physics of Baseball (KQED)
        Baseball can be used as a vehicle to teach physics. Newton’s second law states that an object will move with constant velocity until a force is exerted on it. The force at which the baseball hits the bat depends on the mass of the ball and how fast the speed of the ball changes. A pitched ball is going fastest when it leaves the pitcher’s hand, because air friction slows it down as it approaches the batter. Newton’s third law states that whenever one object exerts force on a second object, the second exerts an equal and opposite force on the first. When the ball hits the bat, the bat applies a force on the ball that equals that of the ball on the bat. Even though these forces are equal and opposite, there is a net force on the ball because the forces act on different bodies." 07-07

    • -10-09-07 Nobel Prizes for Physics Announced (CBS News)
        "France's Albert Fert and German Peter Gruenberg won the 2007 Nobel Prize in physics on Tuesday for their discovery of giant magnetoresistance, a process used by billions [sic] of people on their computers and digital music players."

        "In 1988 Fert and Gruenberg each independently discovered a totally new physical effect, GMR. In this effect, very weak changes in magnetism generate larger changes in electrical resistance. This is how information stored magnetically on a hard disk can be converted to electrical signals that the computer reads." 10-07

    • Physics Online Superstar (U.S. News)
        "He swings around a college lecture hall on a long rope to show how pendulums work. He demonstrates velocity by firing a rifle. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Prof. Walter Lewin has become a global Internet star now that anyone with access to a computer can watch his tough but fun Physics 1, 2, and 3 lectures free of charge. They can even do the homework he assigns his Cambridge techie students (though they won't get the grades or credit). The Netherlands-born Lewin, 71, told U.S.News's Kim Clark that putting his courses online took a lot of work and cost about $100,000—but was worth it." 08-08

    • General Physics (Splung.com)
        Provides instruction on the basic problems of physics. "It is aimed at high-school and A-level students to undergraduates. The site uses flash to demonstrate key ideas and there is a forum where students can ask questions. 08-08

    • -10-06-09 Nobel Prizes Awarded in Physics (CNN News)
        "Three scientists won the Nobel Prize in physics on Tuesday for two breakthroughs that led to two major underpinnings of the digital age -- fiber optics and digital photography, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said." 10-09

    • Sinkholes: The Physics of Cave-Ins (Time.com)
        "Here’s a quick word on the how of it all: Sinkholes typically occur where the surface rock is comprised of limestone, salt beds, carbonate rock or other material that can naturally be dissolved by the ground water coursing underground. It’s this water that slowly chips away at the underground foundation, slowly eroding and destabilizing the bedrock, creating new hidden caves that eventually give way in violent episodes." 06-10

    • The Physics of Oil Spills (MSNBC News)
        Shows what happens to oil over days, week, months, and years as it interacts with the ocean. 06-10

    • Introduction to Physics (UDacity.com)
        "This unique class gives you the chance to see the sites where physics history was made and learn some of the subject's most captivating concepts." The course is free. 10-12

    • Physics - Linear Mechanical Systems - Grade Level 11 (British Columbia Ministry of Education)
        Provides a lesson plan on linear mechanical systems. 2-01

    • Search Engines for Scholars - Institute of Physics (IoP.org)
        Provides text from over four dozen scholarly journals by journal title or search engine.10-04

    • Einstein, Albert (Awesome Library)

    • Science Projects (The Tech Museum)
        Provides interactive projects in science in topics such as robotics, lasers, earthquakes, space exploration, and DNA. 12-02

    • Periodic Table of Elements

    • Superstrings - String Theory (Schwartz)
        Provides an introduction to superstrings, a unified theory of the universe, including a history of the development of the theory, key developers of the theory, and more.

    • Superstrings - A History of String Theory (Schwartz)
        Provides an introduction to superstrings, a unified theory of the universe, including a history of the development of the theory.

    • Relativity (Time)
        Provides audio of Einstein explaining that energy equals mass times the velocity of light squared. 1-00

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