Terms: drought
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- Drought Monitor for the USA (Hayes)
Provides a color-coded map of the USA, presenting drought conditions. 12-02
- Permanent Drought Predicted for the Southwest (LATimes.com)
"The driest periods of the last century — the Dust Bowl of the 1930s and the droughts of the 1950s — may become the norm in the Southwest United States within decades because of global warming, according to a study released Thursday." 04-07
- Drought-Resistant Plants (EarthEasy.com)
"Here are some popular xeriscape plantings; this listing is by no means complete. Consult with your local garden center for recommended local (native) varieties." 08-07
- -06-05-08 Gov. Schwarzenegger Declares Drought for California (CBS News)
"Schwarzenegger directed the state Department of Water Resources to help speed water transfers to areas with the worst shortages, to help local water districts with conservation efforts and to assist farmers suffering losses from the drought." 06-08
- -07-22-09 Texas Drought Takes Toll on Farmers (CBS News)
" It's been a tough summer in the Lone Star State. In Austin, nearly every day this month has seen triple-digit temperatures."
"But the damage is really being done outside the cities, with a drought that could mean near-record losses for people who make their living off the land, as CBS News correspondent Don Teague reports." 07-09
- -08-23-09 Drought Strikes India Again (Time.com)
"Even if it can't buy rain, there is still time for the government of India to rethink how it can start to prepare for the next drought. Sunita Narain of the Centre for the Study of the Environment in New Delhi advocates a new, national water policy to make farmers less vulnerable to the vagaries of the monsoon, encompassing more effective use of groundwater, better monitoring of weather patterns and water supply, implementing village water-security plans, and encouraging conservation and water recycling in the cities. In a recent editorial she wrote, 'We must learn, fast, how to reinvigorate our water policy keeping in mind the two big changes — more variable rainfall and desperately growing water needs.' Seth believes farmers need not just more handouts, but better access to low-interest credit, so they don't have to rely on moneylenders in every lean year." 08-09
- Water Hazards (USGS)
Provides a map of the United States with the location of current and planned streamgaging stations for extra safety during floods and droughts.
- Catastrophe Changes Civilizations (PBS - Secrets of the Dead Series)
Provides evidence that in 535 A.D. the climate of the world was changed due to a volcano eruption. In turn, David Keyes researches changes in civilizations that may have been due to the droughts and hunger that may have resulted from the eruption. 6-01
- Freshwater Getting Scarce (WWF International - Steele)
Describes the worldwide problem of gaining access to safe water. "Nearly half of the global population is living without safe water or adequate sanitation, millions of homes are under the threat of recurring floods, and drought and desertification are undermining advances made in food production. The loss of up to 50 per cent of freshwater species over the past 30 years signals that one of the underlying causes of the freshwater crisis is the continuing degradation of land and water ecosystems." 3-02
- 05-15-02 China Starts World's Largest Reforestation Effort (Guardian Unlimited)
"After decades of logging that has left large swathes of the country looking like a desert wasteland, China embarked Tuesday on a $12 billion, 10-year program to plant 170,000 square miles of trees - an area roughly the size of California."
"It is the largest reforestation project ever, forestry officials said, suggesting only an unprecedented effort can stop the expanding deserts, chronic droughts and deadly flooding blamed on wholesale logging."
- 09-03-02 Johannesburg - Russia Signs Kyoto Agreement (CBS News)
"Russia announced Tuesday it will ratify an accord on reducing smokestack emissions and other causes of global warming."
"Russia's ratification of Kyoto would meet the last requirement for the accord to come into effect: that the countries on board account for at least 55 percent of carbon dioxide emissions based on 1990 output."
"The United States continued to be criticized for its rejection of the Kyoto Protocol, which requires developed nations to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases to 1990 levels by 2012. Many countries view the accord as crucial to reversing a global warming trend blamed for cataclysmic storms, floods and droughts worldwide."
- Desalination to Combat Water Shortages (Capital Times)
"California's epic quest for water, made more pressing by a Western drought and a cutback in the Colorado River supply, is turning toward what many see as an obvious source: the Pacific Ocean."
"For the most part, desalination has long been prohibitively expensive as a source of drinking water in California. But rising demand, dwindling supply, and new technology that makes it cheaper to take the salt out of sea water are changing the economics of desalination."
"The basic process of desalination is not new. Salt water is pumped through filters under high pressure, squeezing out minerals. Israel and Kuwait have relied on desalination for decades, as have military vessels and cruise ships." 03-06
- World's Water at Risk (CBS News)
"Many of the world's natural underground reservoirs are diminishing rapidly, threatening the drinking water of millions of people and compounding the ravaging effects of drought and famine, the United Nations warned Wednesday."
"The United Nations called on governments to curb the use of groundwater through regulation. Worldwide action was needed to ensure that countries relying on irrigation diversify away from water hungry crops, the report added." 9-03
- Disasters and Disaster Relief Monitoring (DisasterRelief.org - EarthWatch)
"Earth Watch keeps an eye on the many different disaster events happening around the world." Includes information on hurricanes, droughts, earthquakes, volcanoes, flooding, diseases, famine, transportation, wildfires, snow, and tornadoes. 1-04
- 06-06-04 Smarty Jones Loses at Belmont (CBS News)
"Belmont, you ol' heartbreaker, you did it again."
Smarty Jones lost his Triple Crown bid and his perfect record Saturday when Birdstone ran him down near the finish of Saturday's thrilling Belmont Stakes, toppling his chance to end a record 26-year drought without a winner of thoroughbred racing's most coveted prize" 6-04
- Starving in Sudan (BBC News)
Provides powerful word pictures of the extreme suffering of women and children in Sudan. The suffering and starvation is being caused by warfare rather than by drought. 6-04
- -08-03-05 Starvation Disaster in Niger (CNN News)
Doctors Without Borders "has complained that the international community until recently ignored warnings of a prolonged drought and locust infestation in Niger, leaving more than a million people near starvation."
"This week alone, the Maradi camp took in more than 1,100 cases of severely malnourished children. That is the highest it's ever had and it keeps growing." 8-05
- -03-04-06 Kenyan Food Aid Nearly Gone (CNN News)
"The U.N. food agency soon will run out of food to feed some 3.5 million Kenyans facing prolonged drought because it has received a fraction of the required funding, officials said Saturday." 03-06
- -03-12-06 "There's Nothing to Eat...We Have Nothing" (TimesOnline.com)
"Fetching water is women’s work in this part of the world. But in parched northern Kenya — where a two-year drought is threatening to plunge the country into famine and change for ever an age-old pastoral way of life — fetching water means begging at the side of the road."
" 'The cows are finished, the goats are finished. We have no work, nothing. Even the camels are finished which means there can be little chance for us. Our only hope is the road.' " 03-06
- -04-29-06 Worst Draught in 20 Years Hits East Africa (ABC News)
"The Horn of Africa is facing its worst drought in two decades, and nearly 6 million people in Ethiopia, Somalia, Djibouti and Kenya are at risk of dying. In recent days the much-anticipated seasonal rains have arrived in some parts of the region, but it's not nearly enough and in many places the sudden rains have led to flash flooding." 04-06
- Research: Amazon Forest Crisis Can Create "Incalculable Consequences" for Earth (The Independent)
"The vast Amazon rainforest is on the brink of being turned into desert, with catastrophic consequences for the world's climate, alarming research suggests. And the process, which would be irreversible, could begin as early as next year."
"Scientists say that this would spread drought into the northern hemisphere, including Britain, and could massively accelerate global warming with incalculable consequences, spinning out of control, a process that might end in the world becoming uninhabitable." 07-06
- 10-20-07 Georgia Declares Need for Disaster Relief on Water Shortage (MSNBC News)
"With water supplies rapidly shrinking during a drought of historic proportions, Gov. Sonny Perdue declared a state of emergency Saturday for the northern third of Georgia and asked President Bush to declare it a major disaster area." 10-07
- Georgia Declares Water Shortage Emergency (MSNBC News)
"With water supplies rapidly shrinking during a drought of historic proportions, Gov. Sonny Perdue declared a state of emergency Saturday for the northern third of Georgia and asked President Bush to declare it a major disaster area." 10-07
- Atlanta Faces Possible Empty Faucets (New York Times)
"For more than five months, the lake that provides drinking water to almost five million people here has been draining away in a withering drought. Sandy beaches have expanded into flats of orange mud. Tree stumps not seen in half a century have resurfaced. Scientists have warned of impending disaster."
"And life has, for the most part, gone on just as before."
"The response to the worst drought on record in the Southeast has unfolded in ultra-slow motion. All summer, more than a year after the drought began, fountains blithely sprayed, football fields were watered, prisoners got two showers a day and Coca-Cola’s bottling plants chugged along at full strength. In early October, on an 81-degree day, an outdoor theme park began to manufacture what was intended to be a 1.2-million gallon mountain of snow." 10-07
- Global Warming and the Threat to Food (U.S. News)
"Historically, the damage to food supplies by bad weather has been regarded as fleeting: catastrophic in the short term but ultimately remitting. Droughts ease, floodwaters recede, and farmers replant their crops. But as a new government report indicates, such views are increasingly narrow and outdated, in that they fail to acknowledge the creeping reach of global climate change." 07-08
- Perennial Grasses and Cattle (Living on Earth)
"Drought-tolerant perennial pastures could make a big dent in Australia's greenhouse emissions by helping soils to soak up carbon, says one researcher."
He says results from a trial, which ran for more than three years on a farm in Lancelin, show Rhodes grass can capture and sequester nearly 7 tonnes per hectare of CO2 equivalents per year more than traditional pasture." 02-09
- Perennial Grasses and Cattle (ABCnet.au)
"Drought-tolerant perennial pastures could make a big dent in Australia's greenhouse emissions by helping soils to soak up carbon, says one researcher."
He says results from a trial, which ran for more than three years on a farm in Lancelin, show Rhodes grass can capture and sequester nearly 7 tonnes per hectare of CO2 equivalents per year more than traditional pasture." 02-09
- -02-20-09 Water May Be Cut Off From California Farms (MSNBC News)
"Federal water managers said they may have to cut off all water to some of California’s largest farms as a result of the deepening drought affecting the state."
"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation officials said Friday that parched reservoirs and patchy snow and rainfall this year would likely force them to cut surface water deliveries completely. It would be the first time in more than 15 years such a move was taken." 02-09
- Mycorrhizal Fungus (CleanAirGardening.com)
"Mycorrhizal fungi are tiny, harmless critters that attach themselves to plant roots and actually help plants to make use of water and organic nutrients in the soil. They live on the roots of roughly 95% of all earth’s plant species. In exchange for what they provide the plant, the plant offers the fungi a meal of sugars (fixed carbon) produced by the photosynthesis process."
"Mycorrhizal fungi populate the area around a plant’s roots and form very thin filaments, adding to the length and efficiency of a plant’s roots. This is like having a second set of roots for the plants. Thus, plants, trees, and shrubs with a well established mycorrhizal fungal root system are better able to survive droughts and transplant shock. They also absorb more nutrients from the soil."
"Plants with mycorrhizal fungi can survive better in their non-native environments, or that is to say, environments that don’t necessarily reflect the ideal environments for their survival, such as urban areas and home gardens. Mycorrhizal fungi also boost a plant’s immune system, making them resistant to soil-borne pathogens. In addition, they help to keep parasitic nematodes away." 05-09
- -09-23-09 China, Not U.S., Stars at Climate Summit (MSNBC News)
"Although some 100 world leaders met Tuesday for a U.N. climate summit, most of the attention was on just two — President Barack Obama and China's Hu Jintao. Both vowed to take the threat of rising seas, drought and deforestation seriously, but only one had some momentum behind him and it wasn't Obama."
" 'China and India have announced very ambitious national climate change plans,' Yvo de Boer said. 'In the case of China, so ambitious that it could well become the front-runner in the fight to address climate change,' de Boer said. 'The big question mark is the U.S.' " 09-09
- -11-07-09 California's Water Plan (Time.com)
"For 50 years, the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta has funneled the Sierra Nevada snow runoff from the Sacramento Valley in the north to the giant farms in California's central valley and the now nearly 20 million people who live in Southern California. Both the economy and population of California are growing, but the amount of available water remains the same, or declines, as is currently the case with the state's worst drought in two decades. The legislation creates a new seven-member council to oversee and restore the fragile Delta, imposes a 20% conservation mandate for cities by 2020 and requires the monitoring of groundwater levels throughout the state. It also places a $11.1 billion bond on next November's ballot to pay for overhauling the water system. The bond measure is larded with water projects statewide in an attempt to encourage passage." 11-09
- -05-18-07 Heavy Rains Hit in Australia (BBC News)
"Heavy rains have been falling in south-eastern Australia, bringing welcome relief for the region's drought-stricken farmers." 05-07
- Soil Conditioner
"Organic blend of humus and humic acid compounds with beneficial soil bacteria to enhance plant health and root zone development along with improved drought tolerance." 08-07
- Xeriscaping (Christian Science Monitor)
"Xeriscaping – landscaping using drought-resistant and usually native plants and flowers – is catching on thanks to trailblazers like Tubbs. But it's still not mainstream in Florida. Proponents avoid using the term, because they say it's misconstrued as zero landscaping or landscaping with rocks and gravel." 08-07
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[Dr. Jerry Adams at jadams@awesomelibrary.org.]
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