Terms: carbon
Matches: 435
Displayed: 50
When you have more than 50 Matches, go to Categories to see the rest.
Categories
Specific Results
- Carbon Dioxide and Global Warming (ARIC)
Describes carbon dioxide's role in global warming. 12-00
- Organic Compounds and Carbon (Kansas State University - Davis)
"By definition all organic compounds contain carbon. They have covalent bonds not ionic ones, and have relatively low melting and boiling points." 6-01
- California to Slash Carbon Gases from Cars (MSNBC.com)
"When California Gov. Gray Davis signs a car emissions bill into law on Monday, he’ll be taking on not just the U.S. automotive industry but also President Bush. The law will require sharp cuts in emissions of carbon dioxide, a gas many scientists fear is warming the Earth."
"THE MEASURE will make California the first state to regulate vehicle emissions of so-called greenhouse gases." 7-02
- Calculate Your Carbon Footprint (SafeClimate.net)
"Your carbon footprint is a representation of the effect you, or your organization, have on the climate in terms of the total amount of greenhouse gases you produce (measured in units of carbon dioxide)." 12-02
- Recumbent Tricycle Design Plans - Using Carbon Fiber (RQRiley.com)
"Major technology differences include the XR2 's carbon fiber composite seat and frame, a rear suspension system, and the latest in cycling components and design. In terms of esthetic design, the XR2 breaks new ground and makes a uniquely independent statement of its own. We call it our Ferrari on two wheels." 11-04
- Evidence of Global Warming (CarbonFootprint.com)
"Over the past two decades the effect has become more marked. Considerable evidence exists that most of this warming has been caused by human activities.... that's to say we have altered the chemical composition of the atmosphere through a buildup of greenhouse gases – primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide." 11-05
- A Low-Carbon Diet (BP.com)
Provides recommendations and examples for stablizing the amount of carbon in the air. "Based on current scientific opinion, BP believes that it is realistic to promote actions that ensure stabilization of atmospheric CO2 concentrations at around 500-550 ppm. This is a considerable challenge, given that global energy demand is expected to double between 2000 and 2050." 12-05
- Carbon Footprint Calculator (BP.com)
Calculates how many tons of carbon in the air you are responsible for each year. 12-05
- Engineered Plant Increases Carbon Dioxide Uptake (GreenCarCongress.com)
"In research recently completed at Emory University School of Medicine, scientists have discovered a mutant enzyme that could enable plants to use and to convert carbon dioxide more quickly, effectively removing more greenhouse gasses from the atmosphere." 02-06
- -03-13-06 Carbon Levels Accelerating (BBC News)
"US climate scientists have recorded a significant rise in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, pushing it to a new record level."
" 'We don't see any sign of a decrease; in fact, we're seeing the opposite, the rate of increase is accelerating,' Dr Pieter Tans told the BBC." 03-06
- Calculate Your Carbon Footprint, Your Impact on Global Warming (USA Today)
"We all contribute to global warming every day. The carbon dioxide you produce by driving your car and leaving the lights on adds up quickly. You may be surprised by how much Co2 you are emitting each year. Calculate your personal impact and learn how you can take action to reduce or even eliminate your emissions of carbon dioxide." 06-06
- Purchase Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) to Neutralize Your Carbon Contribution (NativeEnergy.com)
Allows you to purchase RECs to keep tons of CO2 out of the air each year to offset your fossil fuel use. 06-06
- Reducing Your Carbon Footprint (ABC News)
"A carbon footprint is the measure of the amount of carbon dioxide — the major man-made global warming greenhouse gas — that goes into the atmosphere as you go about your daily life." 06-06
- Calculate Your Carbon Footprint and Savings (StopGlobalWarming.org)
"The Stop Global Warming calculator shows you how much carbon dioxide you can prevent from being released into the atmosphere and how much money you can save by making some small changes in your daily life. It’s our hope that the calculator will promote action, awareness and empowerment by showing you that one person can make a difference and help stop global warming." 06-06
- City Passes the Nation's First "Carbon" Tax (MSNBC News)
"Voters in a Colorado university town nestled in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains have passed the country’s first municipal carbon tax to fight global warming." 11-06
- 01-10-07 California Plans Major Carbon Cut (Christian Science Monitor)
"Now that California is on record as mandating a 25 percent cut in the state's greenhouse-gas emissions by 2020 - a move that made headlines worldwide four months ago - leaders here are starting to lay out how they intend to hit that ambitious mark. First up: requiring transportation fuels sold in California to contain less carbon, a major greenhouse gas." 01-07
- Plant the Right Trees for Better Carbon Sequestration (ABC News)
""Syracuse researchers found that if they could replant their city with trees that are great at sequestering carbon compounds, especially carbon dioxide, they could increase the removal of carbon by more than 300 percent. But they also found that air quality would actually suffer from an increase in volatile compounds."
"So they looked at mixing the forest, emphasizing trees that are good performers when it comes to carbon sequestration and don't emit a lot of junk. They came up with a list of 31 species, including American basswood, dogwood, Eastern white pine, Eastern red cedar, gray birch, red maple and river birch. That combination, they found, would increase carbon sequestration by 86 percent, and reduce the emission of volatile compounds by 88 percent."
Editor's Note: Trees also increase oxygen in the air, of course. 02-07
- Ways to Reduce Your Carbon Footprint (StopGlobalWarming.org)
"There are many simple things you can do in your daily life — what you eat, what you drive, how you build your home — that can have an effect on your immediate surrounding, and on places as far away as Antactica. Here is a list of few things that you can do to make a difference." 02-07
- -03-08-07 Study: Carbon Trading Has Not Worked (MSNBC News)
" 'A responsible approach to solving this crisis [of global warming],' Al Gore said recently at New York University's Law School, would be 'to authorize the trading of emissions ... globally.' Emissions trading, also called carbon trading, is being expanded in the European Union and Japan."
"The scale of the inefficiency of emissions trading was revealed in a study published in the scientific journal Nature last month. The nearly $6 billion already spent on projects to curb emissions of HFC-23, a potent greenhouse gas, had the same impact on the environment as would $132 million worth of equipment upgrades." 03-07
- Efficient Carbon Sequestration at Existing Coal Plants (American Electric Power)
"American Electric Power (NYSE:AEP) will install carbon capture on two coal-fired power plants, the first commercial use of technologies to significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions from existing plants."
"In laboratory testing sponsored by Alstom, EPRI and others, the process has demonstrated the potential to capture more than 90 percent of CO2 at a cost that is far less expensive than other carbon capture technologies. It is applicable for use on new power plants as well as for the retrofit of existing coal-fired power plants."
"The system chills the flue gas, recovering large quantities of water for recycle, and then utilizes a CO2 absorber in a similar way to absorbers used in systems that reduce sulfur dioxide emissions. The remaining low concentration of ammonia in the clean flue gas is captured by cold-water wash and returned to the absorber. The CO2 is compressed for enhanced oil recovery or storage."
"The captured CO2 will be designated for geological storage in deep saline aquifers at the site." 03-07
- Carbon Offsets a Solution? (ABC News)
"People worried about global warming increasingly are trying to 'offset' the carbon dioxide the leading greenhouse gas they spew into the atmosphere when they drive, fly or flick on a light. One idea popular with the eco-conscious is to have trees planted for them. You get to keep driving and flying, but those trees are supposed to suck in your trail of carbon." 05-07
- -06-02-07 Texas Leads in Carbon Emissions (MSNBC News)
"America may spew more greenhouse gases than any other country, but some states are astonishingly more prolific polluters than others — and it’s not always the ones you might expect." 06-07
- Carbon Fibers: A History (Wikipedia.org)
"Carbon fiber or carbon fibre is also sometimes called graphite fiber. It has the highest compressive strength of all the reinforcing materials (composite materials), and it has a high strength to weight ratio and low coefficient of thermal expansion." 02-08
- Carbon Fibers: Manufacturing the Fibers (Polymer Science Learning Center)
"Carbon fiber...the wonder polymer...stronger than steel, and much lighter...but how does one make it? It's made something like this: We start off with another polymer, one called polyacrylonitrile. We take this polymer, and heat it up." 02-08
- -04-18-08 Carbon Reduction in Coal (Time.com)
"Coal plants usually have a 50-year operational life, which means that fossil fuels will be with us for a long time. Unless we can figure out a way to take carbon out of coal — the way we've managed to clean other pollutants, like acid rain-causing sulfur dioxide, using scrubbers —we'll never beat climate change. Ergo Exergy wants to mitigate the damage. The company's underground coal gasification technology burns coal into gas directly in its underground seams, which saves the environmental cost of mining." 04-08
- -04-20-08 Capturing Carbon (Time.com)
"Even before the federal government creates a national cap — which is generally considered inevitable — the economy will need a bridge, economic nudges, so that the private sector can test carbon capture and storage before scaling it up. More than 30 states are looking at legislation that would give carbon storage technology a boost. Some call for comprehensive studies of the technology, while in Wyoming — one of several states identified as having underground carbon storage potential — laws are already being written to address questions about ownership of and liability for the underground CO2 vaults. These laws will help U.S. "geo-bottling" incubate while the federal government catches up to state and private efforts. At Duke University's Climate Change Policy Partnership, for example, researchers are modeling optimal routes for gas pipelines, based on engineering, social and environmental factors, to move the CO2 from plant to storage site." 04-08
- -06-07-08 "Carbon-Neutral" Won't Be Enough (SoilCarbonCoalition.org)
"What this means is that our current widespread advocacy of CO2 emissions reduction has little leverage on what most scientists regard as the cause of global warming—the highest atmospheric CO2 levels in hundreds of thousands of years. The assumption that CO2 emissions reductions will do the trick has become popular groupthink, not subject to scrutiny because it's what we all know, and may seem like the only available option. Once again, we are goading ourselves into a gallant cavalry charge into the barbed wire."
"Carbon-neutral won't be enough. We have to be carbon-negative, to be pulling carbon out of the atmosphere into some safe, stable place. Various technologies have been proposed for this, but so far they haven't succeeded in solving the immense storage or disposal issues, and they require energy. The oxidation or burning of carbon compounds yields energy, and the reverse reactions require energy. Reversing the Keeling curve will require enormous amounts of energy." 06-08
- Proposed Legislation to Encourage Soil Carbon Opportunities (Brownback.Senate.gov)
" 'This legislation will provide a conservation payment for farmers who voluntarily increase their soil carbon conservation efforts,' Brownback said." 06-08
- Activities to Encourage Soil Carbon Opportunities (Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership)
"Activities in forestry and agriculture can reduce and divert the atmospheric buildup of the three most important GHGs directly emitted by human actions: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N20). Adoption of recommended management practices can enhance soil carbon, and improve soil quality and productivity. The opportunities to enhance soil carbon include: increasing the soil organic carbon concentration, improving water and nutrient use efficiencies and improving biomass productivity. Terrestrial sequestration is considered a near term approach to reducing GHGs because it can be implemented today. Moreover, soils provide a significant reservoir for organic carbon, storing twice as much as the atmosphere and three times as much as plants." 06-08
- Soil Carbon Sequestration Fundamentals (OSU.edu)
"Soil carbon sequestration is the process of transferring carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into the soil through crop residues and other organic solids, and in a form that is not immediately reemitted. This transfer or 'sequestering' of carbon helps off-set emissions from fossil fuel combustion and other carbon-emitting activities while enhancing soil quality and long-term agronomic productivity. Soil carbon sequestration can be accomplished by management systems that add high amounts of biomass to the soil, cause minimal soil disturbance, conserve soil and water, improve soil structure, and enhance soil fauna activity. Continuous no-till crop production is a prime example." 06-08
- Algae for Natural Carbon Sequestration (ScienceDaily.com)
"Engineers have designed a simple, sustainable and natural carbon sequestration solution using algae."
"Bayless, with a team at Ohio University, created a photo bioreactor that uses photosynthesis to grow algae just like a plant would take carbon dioxide up and, through the energy of the sun, convert that into oxygen."
"But what makes it cost effective? The algae can be harvested and made into biodiesel fuel and feed for animals." 06-08
- -Sources of Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the USA (EIA.doe.gov)
Shows the sources of carbon dioxide emissions in the USA with the primary two causes shown to be:
1) coal-fired electricity plants (81 percent of 2343.9 million metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions from energy-generation plants) and
2) use of petroleum in the transportation sector (98 percent of 1,990.1 million metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions). 06-08
- Algae for Carbon Sequestration and Biofuel (Valcent.net)
"The Holy Grail in the renewable energy sector has been to create a clean, green process which uses only light, water and air to create fuel. Valcent's HDVB algae-to-biofuel technology mass produces algae, vegetable oil which is suitable for refining into a cost-effective, non-polluting biodiesel. The algae derived fuel will be an energy efficient replacement for fossil fuels and can be used in any diesel powered vehicle or machinery. In addition, 90% by weight of the algae is captured carbon dioxide, which is "sequestered" by this process and so contributes significantly to the reduction of greenhouse gases. Valcent has commissioned the world's first commercial-scale bioreactor pilot project at its test facility in El Paso, Texas." 07-08
- Carbon Dioxide Contributions (Earth Trends)
"Emissions from the burning of fossil fuels are responsible for roughly 80 percent of yearly carbon dioxide emissions worldwide." 06-08
- Carbon Dioxide Contributions (Woods Hole Research Center)
"Most of the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations came from and will continue to come from the use of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) for energy, but about 25% of the increase over the last 150 years came from changes in land use, for example, the clearing of forests and the cultivation of soils for food production [Figure 1]."
"The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has already increased by about 30% since the start of the industrial revolution sometime around the middle of the 19th century and will continue to increase unless societies choose to change their ways." 07-08
- Problems With Liquid Compressed Carbon Sequestration (TreeHugger.com)
"In principle, it works this way: You capture CO2 emissions at the source before they are released into the atmosphere, compress them until they become liquid and then inject them in deep underground holes." 07-08
- Study: Iron to Boost Algae for Carbon Sequestration (Mongabay.com)
"Combining previous data with new observations and computer simulations, scientists led by Nicolas Cassar of Princeton University show that net community production increases with natural aerosol iron deposition in the Southern Ocean. The results suggest that wind-blown dust -- one of five sources of bioavailable iron to surface waters of the Southern Ocean -- may have important climate implications."
" 'This iron deposition stimulates the ocean algae to convert carbon dioxide into organic carbon that may sink to ocean depths, potentially influencing the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration,' according to a statement from Science." 02-09
- Basics of Carbon Sequestration (EPA.gov)
"There are three general means by which agricultural and forestry practices can reduce greenhouse gases:"
" (1) avoiding emissions by maintaining existing carbon storage in trees and soils;"
" (2) increasing carbon storage by, e.g., tree planting, conversion from conventional to conservation tillage practices on agricultural lands;"
" (3) substituting bio-based fuels and products for fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, and energy-intensive products that generate greater quantities of CO2 when used."
"Forests and soils have a large influence on atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide (CO2)—the most important global warming gas emitted by human activities. Tropical deforestation is responsible for about 20% of the world's annual CO2 emissions (IPCC Special Report on LULUCF (2000)." 07-08
- Microbials for Carbon Sequestration (Chemilizer.com)
"Their ability to store light as sugar requires that the organisms consume carbon dioxide (CO2). This means that in addition to improving plant growth and overall health, Inoculaid® is also a powerful tool for reducing the greenhouse effect, the mechanism responsible for global warming." 08-08
- The Need for Carbon Sequestration of Coal-Fired Energy Plants (CNN News)
"Burning coal contributes half of the excess carbon dioxide (CO2) polluting the earth's atmosphere, a statistic not lost on the hundreds of climate change protesters camping in a grassy field near Kingsnorth power station in Kent, England this week." 08-08
- Carbon Sequestration
- Carbon Sequestration
- Saving Marshes for Carbon Sequestration and Water Quality (Science Daily)
"Soil scientists spread material dredged from shipping channels over shore areas to help rebuild marsh areas. Wetlands along the shore protect the land from storm surges, create habitat for wildlife, and the plants that grow in them could sequester three to eight tons of carbon dioxide per acre every year." 08-08
- Algae for Carbon Sequestration
- Carbon Emissions for the Future (Time.com)
"About 97% of the world's new carbon emissions will come from outside the United States and Europe, largely from China, India and the Middle East, who will consume about half the world's energy by the year 2030. Before global habits begin to change permanently, greenhouse gas output will keep rising, probably at least until 2020. By which time the financial crisis of 2008 might seem like ancient history." 11-08
- Algae for Carbon Sequestration (MailonSunday.co.uk)
"The iron feeds algae, which blooms and sucks up damaging carbon dioxide (CO2), then sinks, locking away the harmful greenhouse gas for hundreds of years."
"As a result of the findings, a ground-breaking experiment will be held this month off the British island of South Georgia, 800 miles south east of the Falklands. It will see if the phenomenon could be harnessed to contain rising carbon emissions." 01-09
- Carbon Emissions Need to Go "Negative" by 2050 (Planet2025News.net)
"A chapter by climate scientist W. L. Hare concludes that in order to avoid a catastrophic climate tipping point, global greenhouse gas emissions will need to peak before 2020 and drop 85 percent below 1990 levels by 2050, with further reductions beyond that date. Emissions of carbon dioxide would actually need to ‘go negative’—with more being absorbed than emitted—during the second half of this century. Hare’s research finds that even a warming of 2 degrees Celsius poses unacceptable risks to key natural and human systems, including significant loss of species, major reductions in food-production capacity in developing countries, severe water stress for hundreds of millions of people, and significant sea-level rise and coastal flooding." 01-09
- Soil Carbon Sequestration
- Carbon Sequestration through Storage (Big Sky)
Describes some of the options for carbon storage. 01-09
- Algae for Carbon Sequestration
Back to Top
Send comments to
[Dr. Jerry Adams at jadams@awesomelibrary.org.]
|