Terms: biologi
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- Social Studies > Terrorism > Biological and Chemical Warfare
Specific Results
- Journal of Experimental Biology (The Company of Biologists, LTD)
Provides full text of issues back to 1992. Does not include full text of current issue. College Level. 12-02
- Journal of Cell Science (The Company of Biologists, LTD)
Provides full text of issues back to 1992. Does not include full text of current issue. College Level. 5-01
- Development (The Company of Biologists, LTD)
"Development is a primary research journal providing an insight into mechanisms of plant and animal development, covering all aspects from molecular and cellular to tissue levels." Provides full text of issues back to 1992. Does not include full text of current issue. College Level. 5-01
- Worms - Roundworms (Paisley - Biological Sciences)
Provides a description of nematodes or roundworms. Does not provide a picture. Sometimes misspelled as round worms. 6-01
- Jihad and Biological or Chemical Warfare (Mercury News - Scheinin)
Provides results of an interview with Hamza Yusuf, an Islamic scholar. "The Prophet Muhammad said, 'Do not cut down fruit-bearing trees and do not poison the wells of your enemies.'" 10-01
- Biological and Chemical Warfare
- -06-06-07 Biologists Make Skin Cells Work Like Stem Cells (New York Times)
"In a surprising advance that could sidestep the ethical debates surrounding stem cell biology, researchers have come much closer to a major goal of regenerative medicine, the conversion of a patient’s cells into specialized tissues that might replace those lost to disease."
"The new technique, developed by Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto University, depends on inserting just four genes into a skin cell. These accomplish the same reprogramming task as the egg does, or at least one that seems very similar."
"The technique, if adaptable to human cells, is much easier to apply than nuclear transfer, would not involve the expensive and controversial use of human eggs, and should avoid all or almost all of the ethical criticism directed at the use of embryonic stem cells." 06-07
- Biologists Make Skin Cells Work Like Stem Cells (MSNBC News)
"In a leap forward for stem cell research, three independent teams of scientists reported Wednesday that they have produced the equivalent of embryonic stem cells in mice using skin cells without the controversial destruction of embryos."
"If the same could be done with human skin cells — a big if — the procedure could lead to breakthrough medical treatments without the contentious ethical and political debates surrounding the use of embryos."
"Embryonic stem cells are prized because they can develop into all types of tissue. So experts believe they might be used for transplant therapies in people who are paralyzed or have illnesses ranging from diabetes to Parkinson’s disease." 06-07
- Biologists Make Skin Cells Work Like Stem Cells (Christian Science Monitor)
"Scientists in the United States and Japan announced yesterday that they have developed artificial stem cells from adult mouse cells. If the approach can be retooled for humans, they say, it would avoid the ethical quicksand that surrounds the use of stem cells drawn from nascent human embryos." 06-07
- Men Have a Biological Clock Too (U.S. News)
"Older males face higher risk of fathering children with medical problems, research finds." 02-09
- Cloning and Bioethics (Center for Bioethics)
Presents a forum for discussing ethical issues related to biological research.
- Cloud Forest Animals (CloudForestAlive.org)
Provides pictures and interesting descriptions of animals that inhabit the cloud forests of Central America and the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor. Includes, for example, the spider wasp, guan, olingo, toucanet, howler monkeys, gray fox, viper, fruit bats, bananaquit, cyclosa spider, solitaire, skink, spectacled owl, ant lion, thrush, tink frog, nocternal katydids, chunk-headed snake, anole, trogon, spiny lizard, oropendolas, marine toad, coati, two-toed sloth, mottled owl, army ants, deer, redstarts, and screech owl. 2-01
- College level - Basic Biology (Farabee)
Includes Introduction to the Nature of Science and Biology, Chemistry 1 (Atoms and Molecules), Chemistry II (Water and Organic Molecules), Cells (Origins and Cellular Organization), Transport in and out of Cells, Cell Division (Binary Fission, Mitosis, Meiosis, and Sexual Reproduction), Laws of Thermodynamics, Reactions and Enzymes, ATP and Biological Energy, Cellular Metabolism and Fermentation, Photosynthesis, Introduction to Genetics, Gene Interactions, DNA and Molecular Genetics, Human Genetics, Protein Synthesis, Control of Gene Expression, Plants and their Structure, Flowering Plant Reproduction (Flower Structure, Fertilization, and Fruits), Plant Hormones and Nutrition, Animal Cells and Tissues, Animal Organ Systems and Homeostasis, the Integumentary System, the Circulatory Sytems, Lymphatic System and Immunity, the Digestive System, the Nervous System, the Endocrine System, the Reproductive System, the Muscular and Skeletal Systems, the Respiratory System, the Excretory System, Development of Evolutionary Theory, The Modern View of Evolution, Biological Diversity (Classification, Viruses, Bacteria, Archaeans, Protists - Stem Eukaryotes, Fungi, Nonvascular Plants and Nonseed Vascular Plants, Seed Plants, and Animals), Human Evolution, Population Ecology, Community and Ecosystem Dynamics, the Biosphere and Mass Extinctions, and Glossary. 12-02
- Anthrax Vaccine (US Department of Defense)
Provides information on the effectiveness and safety of the anthrax vaccine to prevent anthrax before exposure to the disease. 10-01
- Anthrax (US Department of Defense)
Provides information on the disease. 10-01
- Smallpox Factsheet (Centers for Disease Control)
Summaries the symptoms of the disease, how it is transmitted, how long it lasts, how long the person is contagious, and how it is treated. Smallpox is characterized by a rash, especially on the face, arms, and legs. A vaccine can lessen or prevent illness if given within four days of exposure. Vaccination for the general public is not recommended and is therefore not available. Uses PDF format. Sometimes visitors misspell as small pox or small-pox. 10-01
- Smallpox Has Been Eliminated (World Health Organization)
The WHO certified in 1980 that smallpox has been eradicated. Editor's Note - It can only be introduced by terrorists, probably with the support of a rogue nation. It is considered the most likely bioterrorist threat. The USA has massive amounts of the vaccine if it should emerge. Treatment to prevent or reduce the illness can be taken as much as four days after exposure. 10-01
- Anthrax - How it Works (Miami Herald)
Provides a drawing and a brief description on how anthrax progresses in the body. 10-01
- Unlikely Weapons - Ebola Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (Centers for Disease Control)
Describes the Ebola disease and its treatment. Editor's Note - Although it is a possible bioterrorist weapon, the means to distribute it effectively does not seem to exist. It is not considered a likely weapon. 10-01
- Unlikely Weapons - Botulism (Centers for Disease Control)
Describes the disease and its treatment. Editor's Note - Although it is a possible bioterrorist weapon, it is not considered a likely weapon. 10-01
- Unlikely Weapons - Tularemia (New York State Department of Health)
Describes the disease and its treatment. Editor's Note - Although it is a possible bioterrorist weapon, it is not considered a likely weapon. 10-01
- Unlikely Weapons - Plague (Centers for Disease Control)
Describes the disease and its treatment. Editor's Note - Although it is a possible bioterrorist weapon, it is not considered a likely weapon. 10-01
- Anthrax - Diagnosis and Treatment (Centers for Disease Control)
Describes the symptoms and treatment of anthrax. "Direct person-to-person spread of anthrax is extremely unlikely, if it occurs at all." 10-01
- Anthrax History (CNN)
Provides a timeline of events related to anthrax as a disease and as a biological weapon. 10-01
- Anthrax - Separating Fears from Facts (Time.com)
Describes what needs to be done to make the public safer from bioterrorism. Explains that buying gas masks and taking antibiotics, such as Cipro, will not help the situation. 10-01
- Strength of the Bioterrorism Threat (LATimes.com - Leitenberg)
Discusses the short history of bioterrorism development and the level of danger we have from such weapons. 11-01
- Ricin Poison Manual Found (The Times - Loyd and Fletcher)
Describes the discovery of instructions for making the biological poison ricin in Kabul. 11-01
- Ricin Poisoning (Wisconsin Department of Health and Family Services)
Provides basic facts about ricin, such as its source (castor beans), symptoms, and treatment after exposure. Ricin poisoning is not contagious. 11-01
- Unlikely Weapons - Sarin Poisoning (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
Provides basic facts about sarin, a nerve gas, such as symptoms and treatment after exposure. Sarin poisoning is not contagious and has been very difficult to use as a weapon. 11-01
- Anthrax and Children's Fears (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
Provides basic facts and suggestions for parents to help them reduce their children's fears about bioterrorism, especially anthrax. 11-01
- Microbiology
- Sewage Recycling (City of Arcata)
Describes how waste water is treated using a marsh and similar natural biological breakdown processes to clean the water. 12-01
- Anthrax Source Found (Oregonian - Recer)
Describes the discovery of the source of the anthrax that was used in bioterrorism in Florida and Washington DC. the strain, called Ames, was believed to have come from Ames, Idaho, but it actually came from Texas. 12-01
- Bush Developing a Policy of Striking First (Washington Post - Ricks and Loeb)
"The Bush administration is developing a new strategic doctrine that moves away from the Cold War pillars of containment and deterrence toward a policy that supports preemptive attacks against terrorists and hostile states with chemical, biological or nuclear weapons." A first-strike military policy is a massive change over the policy of the past 50 years. 6-02
- Glossary - Nuclear Energy Safety Glossary (International Atomic Energy Agency)
Provides technical definitions of terms related to nuclear energy and nuclear contamination. (In addition to use of biological and chemical weapons, some terrorists have shown an interest in using conventional bombs to contaminate areas with nuclear radiation.) 12-01
- Africa - Covers the Trek of Michael Fay Along the Congo River Basin (National Geographic)
"For 15 months Wildlife Conservation Society biologist J. Michael Fay hiked across central Africa (map)—1,200 miles (2,000 kilometers) through dense forests and remote villages—to Africa’s Atlantic coast." 9-02
- Justification for War With Iraq Now (MSNBC News - Warrick)
"The United States and Britain have charged that the Iraqi president is working to obtain chemical, biological and possibly nuclear weapons. A key unanswered question is whether Iraq has the means to deliver such weapons."
"The unknowns are critical, because they bear directly on the central question in the Iraq debate: whether Iraq’s weapons of mass destruction pose a significant threat to the United States and its allies." 9-02
- Report Speculates About Iraq Military Possibilities (CNN News - Goldberg)
Summarizes a report from the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) on possible military capabilities of Iraq. The co-author of the report, Gary Samore, speculates on how long it might take Iraq to acquire nuclear weapons. Samore also speculates that Iraq could have already stockpiled chemical or biological weapons. The author discusses Iraq's ability to attack other countries with weapons of mass destruction.
9-02
- Genes Control Aging (EurekAlert.org)
"Two University of Colorado at Boulder researchers working with GenoPlex Inc. in Denver have identified a biological switch that controls lifespan in tiny worms, a finding that could have applications for mammals, including people." Discusses DAF-2 and DAF-16. College Level. 9-02
- U.N. Approves US Resolution on Iraq (Bloomberg.com)
"The United Nations Security Council voted 15-0 to adopt a U.S. resolution demanding that Iraq agree to unrestricted arms inspections, ending a two- month debate over how to rid Saddam Hussein's regime of weapons of mass destruction." "It gives the council a chance to assess the seriousness of any Iraqi violation and to consider how to respond, a concession to France and Russia that means the U.S. wouldn't make that decision alone."
"Hussein is unlikely to allow unfettered inspections, increasing the chances for war, British officials said. Forcing Iraq to give inspectors complete access to palaces and government workers would weaken Hussein's grip on power, making it unlikely he will comply, said the officials, who asked not to be identified."
"Under the resolution, Iraq would be required to give the Security Council a full report of its biological, chemical and nuclear weapons programs 30 days from today. Full inspections, including access to presidential sites suspected of producing weapons of mass destruction, would begin no more than 15 days later and Blix would file a progress report 60 days after that."
"Any Iraqi interference is to be reported to the Security Council, which would 'convene immediately.' ''
- Bush Administration Threatens to Use Nuclear Retaliation (Fox News)
"The United States is declaring that it will pull out all the stops and use any means necessary — including nuclear weapons — against Iraq or other hostile countries in response to a chemical or biological attack." 12-02
- Homeland Security
- Gas Masks (GasMasksUSA.com)
Provides gas masks. Some of these, but not all, were designed to handle chemical or biological terrorist attacks. Awesome Library does not endorse these materials, but provides them as an example. 2-03
- Preparing - Ridge Urges Preparation (MSNBC)
Director of Homeland Security, Tom Ridge, suggests steps to prepare for a terrorist attack.
"Many of these steps are worth taking to prepare for natural disasters, as well, officials said."
"They include stashing a three-day supply of water, food and medicine, Ridge said. Among other things, the government-recommended 'kit' also includes duct tape and plastic sheeting that Ridge said could be used to seal off a room in the event of a chemical or biological release." 2-03
- Preparing for a Terrorist Attack (Homeland Security)
Suggests how to prepare for a biological, chemical, or radiation threat. Suggests what you need to have safe water and food, clean air, and other supplies. Discusses the contents of a first aid kit. 2-03
- Blix : "Odd" Iraq Cannot Prove Weapons Destruction (Yahoo - Mroue)
"Amin repeated Iraq's claims that it is 'clean' of weapons of mass destruction, and said Iraq is cooperating with the inspectors in an attempt to prove it."
"An example, he said, can be seen in trenches Iraqi has begun to dig at sites where it says it unilaterally destroyed chemical and biological weapons. He said a U.N. team will come to Iraq on March 2 to check the soil for proof of the weapons' destruction."
"Blix expressed skepticism over Iraq's claims to have destroyed the stocks of anthrax and VX nerve agent. Blix told Time magazine in an interview to be published Monday that he found it "a bit odd" that Baghdad, with 'one of the best-organized regimes in the Arab world,' would claim to have no records of the substances' destruction." 2-03
- 06-01-03 Senate to Investigate Information on Weapons (USAToday.com)
"Two Senate committees want to investigate whether U.S. intelligence accurately pointed to banned weapons in Iraq as claimed by the Bush administration in going to war, senators said Sunday."
" 'If we don't find these weapons of mass destruction, it will represent a serious intelligence failure or the manipulation of that intelligence to keep the American people in the dark,' Graham said."
"The Bush administration's main argument for the Iraq invasion was that deposed President Saddam Hussein held chemical and biological weapons and possibly was developing nuclear weapons." 6-03
- 06-07-03 Justification for War Not Matching Evidence (CBS)
"President Bush's administration distorted intelligence and presented conjecture as evidence to justify a U.S. invasion of Iraq, according to a retired intelligence official who served during the months before the war."
"Separately, the chief of the Pentagon's intelligence agency said it had no hard evidence of Iraqi chemical weapons last fall but believed Iraq had a program in place to produce them. The assessment suggests a higher degree of uncertainty about the immediacy of an Iraqi threat, which was the main justification for war."
"The administration's prewar portrayal of Iraq's weapons capabilities has not been validated despite weeks of searching by military experts. Alleged stockpiles of chemical and biological weapons have not turned up, nor has significant evidence of a nuclear weapons program or links to the al Qaeda network." 6-03
- 07-17-03 White House Releases Iraq Document (MSNBC News)
Provides a discussion of the intelligence document that President Bush used in his State of the Union speech.
"The allegation of possible links between Saddam and al-Qaida had been one of the prime arguments the administration used to persuade Congress to authorize the war in Iraq, and the intelligence officials feared that public acknowledgment of the low level of confidence in that conclusion could be embarrassing."
"Furthermore, the intelligence assessment also appears to call into question Bush’s accusation that Saddam could try to help arm the al-Qaida terrorist network with chemical or biological weapons, saying that it had 'low confidence' in that scenario."
"The controversy over Bush’s claim about uranium has undermined the administration’s efforts to quiet rising doubts about his justifications for going to war. The United States said military action was justified, in part, because Iraq had weapons of mass destruction, but no such weapons have been found."
"The Africa allegation [that Iraq was pursuing nuclear materials] is not mentioned among the document’s 'key judgments' because it was not substantiated well enough, officials who worked on the report told NBC News’ Carl Rochelle on Friday."
"The State Department was also allowed to insert a longer passage saying it doubted that Saddam was pursuing an 'integrated and comprehensive' program to reconstitute his nuclear weapons program." 7-03
- Masks - Filter for Emergencies (BAProducts.com)
"In the case of a biological or poisonous gas attack, the Air-Aid Mask can provide the first line of defense for those of us who don't happen to have a respirator, gas mask, or SCBA airpack immediately available. The Air-Aid Mask can provide a stopgap measure to give you the extra time to exit the contaminated area." These do not replace the need for respirator masks but are claimed to be better than no mask. Respirators are more effective, but bulkier and more expensive. Awesome Library does not endorse these products but lists them as examples. 11-02
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