Papers Humanism (Reference.com) "Humanism is a general term for many different lines of thought which focus on common solutions to common human issues. Humanism has become a kind of implied ethical doctrine ('-ism') whose sphere is expanded to include the whole human ethnicity, as opposed to traditional ethical systems which apply only to particular ethnic groups." 01-06 Power of Prayer Study (MSNBC News) "In the largest study of its kind, researchers found that having people pray for heart bypass surgery patients had no effect on their recovery. In fact, patients who knew they were being prayed for had a slightly higher rate of complications." 03-06 Religious Humanism (Reference.com) "Religious Humanism is an integration of religious rituals with humanistic philosophy that centers on human needs, interests, and abilities. The two basic approaches to Religious Humanism are from a conventional religious tradition with a humanist influence, or from a humanist viewpoint that incorporates religious ritual." "As originally conceived in the early 20th century, secular humanism rejects revealed knowledge, theism-based morality and the supernatural. However, the vast majority of people hold some form of belief in the supernatural or spiritual. The Spiritual Humanism movement is a response to the percieved failure of the original humanist organizations to recruit new membership and address these spiritual needs." 01-06 Secular Humanism (Reference.com) "Secular humanism is an active lifestance that holds a naturalisic worldview and advocates the use of reason, compassion, scientific inquiry, ethics, justice and equality. " 'Secular humanism' is distinguished from the broader 'humanism' in that the secular Humanist prefers free inquiry over dogma wisdom—upholding the scientific method for inquiry, while rejecting 'revealed knowledge' and theistic morality, though not necessarily faith." "In certain areas of the world, secular humanism often finds itself in conflict with religious fundamentalism especially over the issue of the separation of church and state. Secular humanists tend to see religious fundamentalists as superstitious, regressive and close minded. Fundamentalists believe secular humanism as a threat (nonbelievers) as outlined in books such as the Bible and the Qur'an." "By the 1970's the term was embraced by humanists who, although critical of religion in its various guises, were delibrately non-religious, as opposed to anti-religious, which means that it has nothing to do with spiritual, religious, or ecclesiastical doctrines, beliefs, or power structures. This understanding of secular Humanism is the most common today." 01-06

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