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Also Try African Americans Jazz Provides some insight into African American culture in the 20th Century through biographies. 2-01 Lists African Americans (Information Please) Provides an alphabetic listing. 10-04 Papers African American Biographies (WETA - ExploreDC.org) Presents profiles of famous African Amerians, including Marian Anderson, Benjamin Banneker, Marion Barry, Mary McLeod Bethune, Edward Brooke, Anna Cooper, Frederick Douglass, Charles Drew, Paul Laurence Dunbar, Duke Ellington, Charles Houston, Langston Hughes, Sharon Pratt Kelly, John Mercer Langston, Alain Locke, Thurgood Marshall, Eleanor Holmes Norton, Hugh Price, A. Philip Randolph, Addison Scurlock, Mary Church Terrell, Walter Washington, Anthony Williams, and Carter Woodson. 5-01 Allen, Richard (Bright) Provides a picture and a short biography of this influential 19th Century African American. 2-01 Armistead, James (Time Magazine) Wars are rarely fought without the use of spies and the American Revolution was no exception. Arguably, the most important Revolutionary War spy was a slave named James Armistead. 02-07 Bowser, Mary Elizabeth (Bright) Provides a short biography of this influential 19th Century African American. Brown, Charlotte Hawkins (ABC's of Parenting) Provides a biography under "Dr. Brown" in the middle of the left table. Carter, Eunice Hunton (Time Magazine) "The 1920s and 30s were a time when organized crime was an unseen hand playing a significant part in urban life across the country. In no city was that more evident than New York. At the time, law enforcement hadn't made the connection between racketeering and petty crime. Then Eunice Hunton Carter came along." 02-07 Crummell, Alexander (Bright) Provides a picture and a short biography of this influential 19th Century African American. Crumpler, Rebecca Lee (Time Magazine) "Because medical practitioners focus more on their patients than any notoriety, historical figures in medicine are often rendered obscure. Such is the case of Dr. Rebecca Lee Crumpler, the first African American woman to receive a medical degree in the U.S." After the war, Crumpler moved to Richmond, Va., where her main focus was on the health needs of freed slaves. In her work with other black doctors, she tended to large groups of the poor and destitute that would have had little access to medical care and a new path was forged for healthcare in underserved communities. Her experience there, and later in Boston, led her to publish her now-renown Book of Medical Discourses In Two Parts, one of the first known medical writings by an African American and an early guidebook on public health." 02-07 Douglass, Frederick (America's Story) Provides a short biography. 12-00 Douglass, Frederick (Bright) Provides a picture and a short biography of this influential 19th Century African American. Emeagwali, Philip (Time Magazine) "It's hard to say who invented the Internet. There were many mathematicians and scientists who contributed to its development; computers were sending signals to each other as early as the 1950s. But the Web owes much of its existence to Philip Emeagwali, a math whiz who came up with the formula for allowing a large number of computers to communicate at once." 02-07 Fuller, Dr. Solomon Carter (Time Magazine) "He wrote that the cases supported Alzheimer's discovery of a particular form of dementia and that it was not due to senility, but rather an actual disease. The research proved to be a watershed in the study of the disorder and Fuller's name was forever linked with modern understanding of the ailment [Alzheimer's Disease]." 02-07 Garnet, Henry Highland (Bright) Provides a picture and a short biography of this influential 19th Century African American. Harriet Tubman (Awesome Library) Provides biographies of the influential African American woman. 1-05 Houston, Charles Hamilton (Humanities - Linder) Provides a detailed biography of the man considered by many as the architect of the modern civil rights movement in the USA. His strategy was to attack "Jim Crow" laws in education, challenging the "separate but equal" provisions. 10-02 Jackson, Mahalia (Southern Music Network) Provides a short background of the African American gospel singer. 12-00 Johnson, Jack - Unforgivable Blackness (CBS News) The film "Unforgivable Blackness" focuses on "the first black heavyweight boxing champion, whose dominance over white opponents in the early 20th century sparked furious debates and even ignited race riots." "Extreme racism was a foe of Johnson's as sure as any opponent in the ring." "Johnson was an in-your-face fighter of the white establishment at a time when racism was insidious in America, Burns tells The Early Show co-anchor Harry Smith." 1-05 Jones, Frederick (Time Magazine) "In total Jones was granted more than 60 patents for inventions including a defroster, a two-cycle gas engine, and a thermostat system. He later served as an consultant to both the U.S. Defense Department and the U.S. Bureau of Standards on refrigeration. Thirty years after his death in 1961, Jones was posthumously awarded the National Medal of Technology, engineering's highest honor." 02-07 Just, Ernest Everett (Time Magazine) "The next year [1939], Just published his most famous work, The Biology of the Cell Surface which argued that all life derives from a complex organic structure." 02-07 Langston, John Mercer (Bright) Provides a picture and a short biography of this influential 19th Century African American. Lewis, Sir William Arthur (Time Magazine) "The problem of economics in developing nations has always been a very complex equation that no theorist has been able to solve. However disparities between agrarian and industrialized economies and how they can relate and balance each other has its roots in the theories of economist William Arthur Lewis." 02-07 Shadd, Mary Ann (Bright) Provides a picture and a short biography of this influential 19th Century African American. Sisulu, Walter (IAfrica.com) "Walter Sisulu, who died Monday aged 90, was an unassuming but giant pillar of South Africa's bitter anti-apartheid war and respected as much as his long-time friend Nelson Mandela." "From the time he joined the African National Congress (ANC) in 1940 until apartheid fell in 1994, Sisulu played a key leadership role in the struggle against the white supremacist regime that held the country in its grip for decades." 5-03 Terrell, Mary Church (Bright) Provides a picture and a short biography of this influential 19th Century African American. Truth - Sojurner (Bright) Provides a picture and a short biography of this influential 19th Century African American. Turner, Henry McNeal (Bright) Provides a picture and a short biography of this influential 19th Century African American. Turner, Nat (Bright) Provides a short biography of this influential 19th Century African American. Walker, Maggie (Time Magazine) "In 1903 she convinced those who would listen to her to bring together about $9,400 and opened the St. Luke Penny Savings Bank, becoming the first woman of any race to preside over a savings institution at a time when only a handful of women held power in corporations. "We need a savings bank," she said. "Chartered, offered and run by the men and women of this order. Let us have a bank that will take nickels and turn them into dollars."" "Bank customers deposited a nickel a week into their accounts, and the assets continued to multiply. By 1913, the bank had collected $300,000 in assets. By 1920, it had helped to purchase 600 homes. In 1929 the Great Depression struck, crippling financial institutions nationwide. But St. Luke Savings had enough in holdings to absorb all the other local black-owned banks and become Consolidated Bank and Trust, holding assets of $400,000. The bank is still headquartered in Richmond today." 02-07

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